Social Protection Within a ‘Human Rights-Based’ Experience. Being a Foreigner at Accessing the Emergency Family Income During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Argentina
The human right to migrate, paired with the equal access to rights (which include social security) are both central for migrants and refugees in the current Argentine legal framework; moreover, domestic social policies are adopted from the so-called ‘human rights-based approach’. However, migrants a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Stockholm University Press
2024-07-01
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| Series: | Iberoamericana: Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://account.iberoamericana.se/index.php/su-j-injlacs/article/view/554 |
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| Summary: | The human right to migrate, paired with the equal access to rights (which include social security) are both central for migrants and refugees in the current Argentine legal framework; moreover, domestic social policies are adopted from the so-called ‘human rights-based approach’. However, migrants and refugees still come across barriers when accessing social protections by means of direct or indirect measures (Roemer et al. 2021). Thus, this contribution (based on documentary research and interviews made during 2020 and 2021) aims, in firstly, to show the way such measures are executed in the main non-contributory social security programs still in force in Argentina, so identifying different residence requirements imposed on foreigners and even naturalized individuals that challenge said (legal) equal access. Secondly, it systematizes requisites and identifies obstacles in accessing the most significant program provided by the Argentine government during the COVID 19 pandemic: the Emergency Family Income (IFE). To what extent migrants and refugees were included in the program? Did the IFE follow a pattern of exclusion similar to other social security programs or an exceptional situation such as the pandemic allowed a universal access? Only legal permanent migrants were included, but the Judiciary ruled in favor of women with no legal or permanent residence. Resumen El derecho humano a migrar, junto con el acceso igualitario a derechos (que incluye la seguridad social) son centrales para las personas migrantes y refugiadas en el actual marco legal argentino; incluso, las políticas sociales domésticas se adoptan desde el denominado ‘enfoque basado en derechos humanos’. Sin embargo, migrantes y refugiados todavía encuentran barreras para acceder a la protección social, por medidas directas o indirectas (Roemer et al 2021). Así, esta contribución (basada en revisión documental y entrevistas realizadas durante 2020 y 2021) tiene como objetivo mostrar, primero, como tales medidas son desplegadas en las principales prestaciones no contributivas (todavía vigentes) de la seguridad social en la Argentina, identificando así diferentes requerimientos de residencia incluso para personas naturalizadas que desafían aquel acceso igualitario. Luego, sistematiza requisitos e identifica obstáculos en el acceso al más relevante programa argentino de asistencia durante la pandemia: el Ingreso Familiar de Emergencia (IFE). ¿En qué medida migrantes y refugiados fueron incorporados? ¿El IFE siguió un patrón de exclusión similar o una situación crítica como la pandemia permitió un acceso universal? Solo migrantes permanentes con algunos años de residencia fueron incluidos, aunque el Poder Judicial sentenció a favor de algunas mujeres sin residencia legal o permanente. Palabras Clave: Derechos Sociales; Migrantes; Refugiados; Derechos Humanos; Seguridad Social; Argentina |
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| ISSN: | 2002-4509 |