Unraveling the Serotonergic Mechanism of Stress-Related Anxiety: Focus on Co-Treatment with Resveratrol and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Unraveling the Serotonergic Mechanism of Stress-Related Anxiety: Focus on Co-Treatment with Resveratrol and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

<b>Background/Objectives:</b> In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety-like symptoms are often associated with elevated noradrenaline levels and decreased serotonin. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used to treat anxiety, but elevated serotonin has...

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Main Authors: Vadim E. Tseilikman, Olga B. Tseilikman, Marina N. Karpenko, Dmitrii S. Traktirov, Daria A. Obukhova, Vladislav A. Shatilov, Maxim S. Zhukov, Gennady V. Manuilov, Oleg N. Yegorov, Maxim R. Aristov, Ilya A. Lipatov, Irina A. Buksha, Alexandr E. Epitashvili, Anton A. Pashkov, Jurica Novak
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
chronic stress
resveratrol
noradrenaline
serotonin
dopamine
hippocampus
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/11/2455
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Summary:<b>Background/Objectives:</b> In post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety-like symptoms are often associated with elevated noradrenaline levels and decreased serotonin. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently used to treat anxiety, but elevated serotonin has been observed in some anxiety disorders. This study investigates stress-induced anxiety as an immediate effect of chronic stress exposure using the predator stress paradigm. <b>Methods:</b> We examined serotonin levels, serotonin transporter (SERT), and 5-HT<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> receptor gene expression in response to stress. The effects of SSRIs (paroxetine, sertraline) and resveratrol on these parameters were also analyzed, alongside co-treatment with resveratrol and sertraline. <b>Results:</b> Chronic stress exposure led to a significant increase in serotonin levels and upregulation of SERT and 5-HT<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>A</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> receptor expression. SSRIs failed to prevent anxiety or reduce serotonin levels, partly due to suppressed SERT expression. Resveratrol downregulated SERT and 5-HT<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>A</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> expression less than SSRIs but effectively reduced anxiety and restored serotonin, likely by upregulating MAO-A expression. Co-treatment with resveratrol and sertraline produced the strongest anxiolytic effect. <b>Conclusions:</b> Elevated serotonin and increased expression of SERT and 5-HT<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> receptor genes are key factors in stress-related anxiety. Resveratrol and SSRIs target these mechanisms, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies for anxiety disorders. Future research will focus on further elucidating the serotonergic mechanisms involved and identifying new anxiolytic drug targets.
ISSN:2227-9059

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