Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between burning, xerostomia, dysgeusia and other subjective symptoms in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS). This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dental Polyclinic Split, Split, Croatia. A total of 71 patients with BMS, i...

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Main Authors: Ana Glavina, Ana Trlaja, Dinko Martinović, Antonija Tadin, Liborija Lugović-Mihić
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:NeuroSci
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/6/2/33
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author Ana Glavina
Ana Trlaja
Dinko Martinović
Antonija Tadin
Liborija Lugović-Mihić
author_facet Ana Glavina
Ana Trlaja
Dinko Martinović
Antonija Tadin
Liborija Lugović-Mihić
author_sort Ana Glavina
collection DOAJ
description The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between burning, xerostomia, dysgeusia and other subjective symptoms in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS). This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dental Polyclinic Split, Split, Croatia. A total of 71 patients with BMS, i.e., 60 women and 11 men, were included in the study. The patients were divided into four subgroups: burning (B), burning and xerostomia (BX), burning and dysgeusia (BD), burning, xerostomia and dysgeusia (BXD). The following data were collected from all patients: sociodemographic status, comorbidities, medications, characteristics of the burning, presence of other subjective symptoms, topography of the burning. The majority of patients with BMS were women (86.0%) with an average age of about 65 years. Gastrointestinal diseases were the most common comorbidity (48.35%), and the most commonly used medications were proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (29.8%). In the largest number of patients (N = 34), the burning symptom worsened in the evening hours (<i>p</i> = 0.059). The majority of BMS patients suffered from burning symptoms that occurred continuously (N = 54, 75.13%) and from an improvement (reduction/cessation) of symptoms during meals (N = 54, 76.65%). Of the other subjective symptoms, changes in the morphology of the tongue (10.6%) and a feeling of swelling (9.1%) were the most common. The tongue was the most common localization (67.35%). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant effect of female gender (<i>p</i> = 0.049) as a potential positive predictor in subgroup B. The sociodemographic and medical data collected cannot explain the different occurrence of symptoms in the four subgroups of patients with BMS.
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spelling doaj-art-68c93a8064d248fc9eb74cc6689d60d02025-08-20T03:29:45ZengMDPI AGNeuroSci2673-40872025-04-01623310.3390/neurosci6020033Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional StudyAna Glavina0Ana Trlaja1Dinko Martinović2Antonija Tadin3Liborija Lugović-Mihić4Department of Dental Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, CroatiaStudy of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, CroatiaDepartment of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Spit, CroatiaDepartment of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaThe objective of the study was to determine the relationship between burning, xerostomia, dysgeusia and other subjective symptoms in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS). This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Dental Polyclinic Split, Split, Croatia. A total of 71 patients with BMS, i.e., 60 women and 11 men, were included in the study. The patients were divided into four subgroups: burning (B), burning and xerostomia (BX), burning and dysgeusia (BD), burning, xerostomia and dysgeusia (BXD). The following data were collected from all patients: sociodemographic status, comorbidities, medications, characteristics of the burning, presence of other subjective symptoms, topography of the burning. The majority of patients with BMS were women (86.0%) with an average age of about 65 years. Gastrointestinal diseases were the most common comorbidity (48.35%), and the most commonly used medications were proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (29.8%). In the largest number of patients (N = 34), the burning symptom worsened in the evening hours (<i>p</i> = 0.059). The majority of BMS patients suffered from burning symptoms that occurred continuously (N = 54, 75.13%) and from an improvement (reduction/cessation) of symptoms during meals (N = 54, 76.65%). Of the other subjective symptoms, changes in the morphology of the tongue (10.6%) and a feeling of swelling (9.1%) were the most common. The tongue was the most common localization (67.35%). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant effect of female gender (<i>p</i> = 0.049) as a potential positive predictor in subgroup B. The sociodemographic and medical data collected cannot explain the different occurrence of symptoms in the four subgroups of patients with BMS.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/6/2/33burning mouth syndromexerostomiadysgeusiaglossopyrosisglossodynia
spellingShingle Ana Glavina
Ana Trlaja
Dinko Martinović
Antonija Tadin
Liborija Lugović-Mihić
Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
NeuroSci
burning mouth syndrome
xerostomia
dysgeusia
glossopyrosis
glossodynia
title Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Stratification of Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome in the Croatian Population: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort stratification of patients with burning mouth syndrome in the croatian population a single center cross sectional study
topic burning mouth syndrome
xerostomia
dysgeusia
glossopyrosis
glossodynia
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4087/6/2/33
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