Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50

Many theoretical and observational studies have suggested that galaxy mergers may trigger enhanced star formation or active galactic nucleus activity. We present an analysis of merging and nonmerging galaxies from 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 3 in the IllustrisTNG50 simulation. These galaxies encompass a range of mass...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Aimee L. Schechter, Shy Genel, Bryan Terrazas, Julia M. Comerford, Abigail Hartley, Rachel S. Somerville, Rebecca Nevin, Joseph Simon, Erica Nelson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IOP Publishing 2025-01-01
Series:The Astrophysical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade791
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849235934100324352
author Aimee L. Schechter
Shy Genel
Bryan Terrazas
Julia M. Comerford
Abigail Hartley
Rachel S. Somerville
Rebecca Nevin
Joseph Simon
Erica Nelson
author_facet Aimee L. Schechter
Shy Genel
Bryan Terrazas
Julia M. Comerford
Abigail Hartley
Rachel S. Somerville
Rebecca Nevin
Joseph Simon
Erica Nelson
author_sort Aimee L. Schechter
collection DOAJ
description Many theoretical and observational studies have suggested that galaxy mergers may trigger enhanced star formation or active galactic nucleus activity. We present an analysis of merging and nonmerging galaxies from 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 3 in the IllustrisTNG50 simulation. These galaxies encompass a range of masses ( M _⋆  > 10 ^8 M _⊙ ) and mass ratios (≥1:10) and multiple merger stages. We examine the effect that galaxy mergers have on star formation and black hole accretion rates in the TNG50 universe. We additionally investigate how galaxy and black hole mass, merger stage, merger mass ratio, and redshift affect these quantities. Mergers in our sample show excess specific star formation rates (sSFR) at z ≤ 3 and enhanced specific black hole accretion rates (sBHAR) at z  ≲ 2. The difference between sSFRs and sBHARs in the merging sample compared to the nonmerging sample increases as redshift decreases. Additionally, we show that these enhancements persist for at least ∼1 Gyr after the merger event. Investigating how mergers behave in the TNG50 simulation throughout cosmic time enables both a better appreciation of the importance of spatial resolution in cosmological simulations and a better basis to understand our high- z Universe with observations from JWST.
format Article
id doaj-art-6867b15d54fb4aa9b032b8a638ecc43b
institution Kabale University
issn 1538-4357
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IOP Publishing
record_format Article
series The Astrophysical Journal
spelling doaj-art-6867b15d54fb4aa9b032b8a638ecc43b2025-08-20T04:02:32ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01989214910.3847/1538-4357/ade791Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50Aimee L. Schechter0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7120-2433Shy Genel1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3185-1540Bryan Terrazas2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5529-7305Julia M. Comerford3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-4907Abigail Hartley4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5891-1603Rachel S. Somerville5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6748-6821Rebecca Nevin6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1056-8401Joseph Simon7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-6607Erica Nelson8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7524-374XDepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA ; aimee.schechter@colorado.eduCenter for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , New York, NY 10010, USA; Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University , 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY, 10027, USADepartment of Physics & Astronomy, Oberlin College , Oberlin, OH 44074, USADepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA ; aimee.schechter@colorado.eduDepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA ; aimee.schechter@colorado.edu; Department of Physics, Stanford University , 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USACenter for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , New York, NY 10010, USAFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P.O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USADepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA ; aimee.schechter@colorado.eduDepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, USA ; aimee.schechter@colorado.eduMany theoretical and observational studies have suggested that galaxy mergers may trigger enhanced star formation or active galactic nucleus activity. We present an analysis of merging and nonmerging galaxies from 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 3 in the IllustrisTNG50 simulation. These galaxies encompass a range of masses ( M _⋆  > 10 ^8 M _⊙ ) and mass ratios (≥1:10) and multiple merger stages. We examine the effect that galaxy mergers have on star formation and black hole accretion rates in the TNG50 universe. We additionally investigate how galaxy and black hole mass, merger stage, merger mass ratio, and redshift affect these quantities. Mergers in our sample show excess specific star formation rates (sSFR) at z ≤ 3 and enhanced specific black hole accretion rates (sBHAR) at z  ≲ 2. The difference between sSFRs and sBHARs in the merging sample compared to the nonmerging sample increases as redshift decreases. Additionally, we show that these enhancements persist for at least ∼1 Gyr after the merger event. Investigating how mergers behave in the TNG50 simulation throughout cosmic time enables both a better appreciation of the importance of spatial resolution in cosmological simulations and a better basis to understand our high- z Universe with observations from JWST.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade791AGN host galaxiesGalaxiesInteracting galaxiesMagnetohydrodynamical simulations
spellingShingle Aimee L. Schechter
Shy Genel
Bryan Terrazas
Julia M. Comerford
Abigail Hartley
Rachel S. Somerville
Rebecca Nevin
Joseph Simon
Erica Nelson
Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50
The Astrophysical Journal
AGN host galaxies
Galaxies
Interacting galaxies
Magnetohydrodynamical simulations
title Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50
title_full Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50
title_fullStr Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50
title_short Enhanced Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion Rates in Galaxy Mergers in IllustrisTNG50
title_sort enhanced star formation and black hole accretion rates in galaxy mergers in illustristng50
topic AGN host galaxies
Galaxies
Interacting galaxies
Magnetohydrodynamical simulations
url https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ade791
work_keys_str_mv AT aimeelschechter enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT shygenel enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT bryanterrazas enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT juliamcomerford enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT abigailhartley enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT rachelssomerville enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT rebeccanevin enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT josephsimon enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50
AT ericanelson enhancedstarformationandblackholeaccretionratesingalaxymergersinillustristng50