Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development

Intercellular interactions among cardiac cell populations are essential for cardiac morphogenesis, yet the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these events remain incompletely understood. Dachsous1 (Dchs1), an atypical cadherin linked to mitral valve prolapse, is a core planar cell polarity protein w...

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Main Authors: Kathryn Byerly, Cayla Wolfe, Hannah Parris, Charlotte Griggs, Emily Wilson, Matthew Huff, Molly Griggs, Jordan Morningstar, Lilong Guo, Fulei Tang, Jan Guz, Taylor Petrucci, Ranan Phookan, Brian Loizzi, Cortney Gensemer, Russell A. Norris
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Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Cells
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/11/774
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author Kathryn Byerly
Cayla Wolfe
Hannah Parris
Charlotte Griggs
Emily Wilson
Matthew Huff
Molly Griggs
Jordan Morningstar
Lilong Guo
Fulei Tang
Jan Guz
Taylor Petrucci
Ranan Phookan
Brian Loizzi
Cortney Gensemer
Russell A. Norris
author_facet Kathryn Byerly
Cayla Wolfe
Hannah Parris
Charlotte Griggs
Emily Wilson
Matthew Huff
Molly Griggs
Jordan Morningstar
Lilong Guo
Fulei Tang
Jan Guz
Taylor Petrucci
Ranan Phookan
Brian Loizzi
Cortney Gensemer
Russell A. Norris
author_sort Kathryn Byerly
collection DOAJ
description Intercellular interactions among cardiac cell populations are essential for cardiac morphogenesis, yet the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these events remain incompletely understood. Dachsous1 (Dchs1), an atypical cadherin linked to mitral valve prolapse, is a core planar cell polarity protein whose function in the developing heart has not been fully elucidated. To address this, we generated a Dchs1-HA knock-in mouse model to define its spatial, temporal, and cellular expression patterns. Using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and single-cell transcriptomics across developmental stages, we demonstrate that cardiac Dchs1 expression is restricted to non-cardiomyocyte lineages. DCHS1 displays dynamic subcellular localization and tissue organization depending on the developmental timepoint, with staining being found in epicardial and endocardial surfaces at earlier embryonic stages and in the compact myocardium in later fetal and neonatal stages. During fetal and neonatal stages, DCHS1-positive non-myocyte, non-endothelial cells form polarized extensions that bridge endothelial and non-myocyte, non-endothelial cells, suggesting direct heterotypic and homotypic interactions. Western blotting revealed evidence of DCHS1 proteolytic cleavage, with intracellular C-terminal fragments. RNA co-expression with its binding partner FAT4 supports a conserved, non-myocyte-specific DCHS1-FAT4 signaling axis. These findings identify DCHS1 as a potential molecular tether that is utilized in intercellular communications during cardiac development, with implications for congenital and acquired heart disease.
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spelling doaj-art-684cf69c73984101b1006ddf103e7d222025-08-20T03:46:52ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-05-01141177410.3390/cells14110774Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac DevelopmentKathryn Byerly0Cayla Wolfe1Hannah Parris2Charlotte Griggs3Emily Wilson4Matthew Huff5Molly Griggs6Jordan Morningstar7Lilong Guo8Fulei Tang9Jan Guz10Taylor Petrucci11Ranan Phookan12Brian Loizzi13Cortney Gensemer14Russell A. Norris15Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USADepartment of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29407, USAIntercellular interactions among cardiac cell populations are essential for cardiac morphogenesis, yet the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these events remain incompletely understood. Dachsous1 (Dchs1), an atypical cadherin linked to mitral valve prolapse, is a core planar cell polarity protein whose function in the developing heart has not been fully elucidated. To address this, we generated a Dchs1-HA knock-in mouse model to define its spatial, temporal, and cellular expression patterns. Using immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and single-cell transcriptomics across developmental stages, we demonstrate that cardiac Dchs1 expression is restricted to non-cardiomyocyte lineages. DCHS1 displays dynamic subcellular localization and tissue organization depending on the developmental timepoint, with staining being found in epicardial and endocardial surfaces at earlier embryonic stages and in the compact myocardium in later fetal and neonatal stages. During fetal and neonatal stages, DCHS1-positive non-myocyte, non-endothelial cells form polarized extensions that bridge endothelial and non-myocyte, non-endothelial cells, suggesting direct heterotypic and homotypic interactions. Western blotting revealed evidence of DCHS1 proteolytic cleavage, with intracellular C-terminal fragments. RNA co-expression with its binding partner FAT4 supports a conserved, non-myocyte-specific DCHS1-FAT4 signaling axis. These findings identify DCHS1 as a potential molecular tether that is utilized in intercellular communications during cardiac development, with implications for congenital and acquired heart disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/11/774Dachsouscadherincardiac developmentcell polarity
spellingShingle Kathryn Byerly
Cayla Wolfe
Hannah Parris
Charlotte Griggs
Emily Wilson
Matthew Huff
Molly Griggs
Jordan Morningstar
Lilong Guo
Fulei Tang
Jan Guz
Taylor Petrucci
Ranan Phookan
Brian Loizzi
Cortney Gensemer
Russell A. Norris
Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development
Cells
Dachsous
cadherin
cardiac development
cell polarity
title Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development
title_full Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development
title_fullStr Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development
title_full_unstemmed Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development
title_short Dynamic Expression and Functional Implications of the Cell Polarity Gene, Dchs1, During Cardiac Development
title_sort dynamic expression and functional implications of the cell polarity gene dchs1 during cardiac development
topic Dachsous
cadherin
cardiac development
cell polarity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/11/774
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