Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection accounted for 1.3 million deaths worldwide in 2022. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB); however, it has limited protective efficacy in adults. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing...
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| Format: | Article |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322147 |
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| author | Eunkyung Shin Jin-Seung Yun Young-Ran Lee Hye-Ran Cha Soo-Min Kim Sung-Jae Shin Sang-Won Lee Gyung Tae Chung Dokeun Kim Jung Sik Yoo Jong-Seok Kim Hye-Sook Jeong |
| author_facet | Eunkyung Shin Jin-Seung Yun Young-Ran Lee Hye-Ran Cha Soo-Min Kim Sung-Jae Shin Sang-Won Lee Gyung Tae Chung Dokeun Kim Jung Sik Yoo Jong-Seok Kim Hye-Sook Jeong |
| author_sort | Eunkyung Shin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection accounted for 1.3 million deaths worldwide in 2022. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB); however, it has limited protective efficacy in adults. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing Ag85B from M. tuberculosis using a novel attenuated vaccinia virus (KVAC103). We then analyzed the immunogenicity of prime-boost inoculation strategies using recombinant KVAC103 expressing Ag85B (rKVAC85B) compared to BCG. In both rKVAC85B prime-boost and BCG prime-rKVAC85B boost inoculation regimens, rKVAC85B induced the generation of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretion of interferon-γ by immune cells. In vitro analysis of Mycobacterium growth inhibition revealed a comparable immune-mediated pattern of outcomes. Furthermore, bacterial loads in the lungs were significantly lower in mice inoculated with the BCG prime-rKVAC85B boost than in the BCG-only group following a rechallenge infection with both H37Rv and HN878 strains of M. tuberculosis. These findings collectively suggest that KVAC103, incorporated into a viral vector, is a promising candidate for the development of a novel TB vaccine platform that is effective against multiple M. tuberculosis strains, including H37Rv and HN878, and that rKVAC85B effectively stimulates immune responses against M. tuberculosis infection. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-68200c2bcf024daf80b2b179bf148cfe |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-68200c2bcf024daf80b2b179bf148cfe2025-08-20T01:54:19ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01205e032214710.1371/journal.pone.0322147Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.Eunkyung ShinJin-Seung YunYoung-Ran LeeHye-Ran ChaSoo-Min KimSung-Jae ShinSang-Won LeeGyung Tae ChungDokeun KimJung Sik YooJong-Seok KimHye-Sook JeongMycobacterium tuberculosis infection accounted for 1.3 million deaths worldwide in 2022. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB); however, it has limited protective efficacy in adults. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing Ag85B from M. tuberculosis using a novel attenuated vaccinia virus (KVAC103). We then analyzed the immunogenicity of prime-boost inoculation strategies using recombinant KVAC103 expressing Ag85B (rKVAC85B) compared to BCG. In both rKVAC85B prime-boost and BCG prime-rKVAC85B boost inoculation regimens, rKVAC85B induced the generation of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretion of interferon-γ by immune cells. In vitro analysis of Mycobacterium growth inhibition revealed a comparable immune-mediated pattern of outcomes. Furthermore, bacterial loads in the lungs were significantly lower in mice inoculated with the BCG prime-rKVAC85B boost than in the BCG-only group following a rechallenge infection with both H37Rv and HN878 strains of M. tuberculosis. These findings collectively suggest that KVAC103, incorporated into a viral vector, is a promising candidate for the development of a novel TB vaccine platform that is effective against multiple M. tuberculosis strains, including H37Rv and HN878, and that rKVAC85B effectively stimulates immune responses against M. tuberculosis infection.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322147 |
| spellingShingle | Eunkyung Shin Jin-Seung Yun Young-Ran Lee Hye-Ran Cha Soo-Min Kim Sung-Jae Shin Sang-Won Lee Gyung Tae Chung Dokeun Kim Jung Sik Yoo Jong-Seok Kim Hye-Sook Jeong Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. PLoS ONE |
| title | Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. |
| title_full | Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. |
| title_short | Efficacy and immunogenicity of rKVAC85B in a BCG prime-boost regimen against H37Rv and HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. |
| title_sort | efficacy and immunogenicity of rkvac85b in a bcg prime boost regimen against h37rv and hn878 mycobacterium tuberculosis strains |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322147 |
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