Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets
Background: <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> (LI) is the agent of proliferative enteropathy in swine, a common disease that affects pigs for up to eight weeks after weaning. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of two novel subunit vaccines targeting outer membrane proteins on LI. Methods:...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Kara L. Aves Ana H. Fresno Sajid Nisar Mauro M. Saraiva Nicole B. Goecke Adam F. Sander Morten A. Nielsen John E. Olsen Priscila R. Guerra |
| author_facet | Kara L. Aves Ana H. Fresno Sajid Nisar Mauro M. Saraiva Nicole B. Goecke Adam F. Sander Morten A. Nielsen John E. Olsen Priscila R. Guerra |
| author_sort | Kara L. Aves |
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| description | Background: <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> (LI) is the agent of proliferative enteropathy in swine, a common disease that affects pigs for up to eight weeks after weaning. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of two novel subunit vaccines targeting outer membrane proteins on LI. Methods: The two vaccines included OMP2c.cVLP, where the OMP2c antigen was anchored on the surface of capsid virus-like particles (cVLP); and MBP.INVASc, where antigens were anchored to an MBP fusion protein. Groups of six mice, as proof of concept, and six piglets were immunized with either OMP2c.cVLP, MBP.INVASc., or PBS as a control using a prime-boost regime. Results: Both OMP2c.cVLP and MBP.INVASc subunit vaccines induced strong antigen-specific serum IgG and IgA responses. There were no significant differences in weight gain among the groups. Mild-to-moderate clinical signs of LI infection were observed, but vaccinated groups showed lower inflammatory scores and fewer animals tested positive for bacteria by immunohistochemistry. Although neither vaccine completely prevented clinical signs of LI infection, both effectively reduced inflammation and lowered the pathogen load, thereby mitigating the severity of the disease, particularly the MBP.INVASc vaccine. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both vaccines have the potential for further development and optimization to enhance their protective efficacy against LI infections. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj-art-680b74ca5ca1460db8dcefc94b2433ba2025-08-20T02:03:42ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2025-02-0113220710.3390/vaccines13020207Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in PigletsKara L. Aves0Ana H. Fresno1Sajid Nisar2Mauro M. Saraiva3Nicole B. Goecke4Adam F. Sander5Morten A. Nielsen6John E. Olsen7Priscila R. Guerra8Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1800 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1800 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1800 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1800 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Immunology and Microbiology, Centre for Medical Parasitology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1800 Frederiksberg, DenmarkDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 4, 1800 Frederiksberg, DenmarkBackground: <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> (LI) is the agent of proliferative enteropathy in swine, a common disease that affects pigs for up to eight weeks after weaning. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of two novel subunit vaccines targeting outer membrane proteins on LI. Methods: The two vaccines included OMP2c.cVLP, where the OMP2c antigen was anchored on the surface of capsid virus-like particles (cVLP); and MBP.INVASc, where antigens were anchored to an MBP fusion protein. Groups of six mice, as proof of concept, and six piglets were immunized with either OMP2c.cVLP, MBP.INVASc., or PBS as a control using a prime-boost regime. Results: Both OMP2c.cVLP and MBP.INVASc subunit vaccines induced strong antigen-specific serum IgG and IgA responses. There were no significant differences in weight gain among the groups. Mild-to-moderate clinical signs of LI infection were observed, but vaccinated groups showed lower inflammatory scores and fewer animals tested positive for bacteria by immunohistochemistry. Although neither vaccine completely prevented clinical signs of LI infection, both effectively reduced inflammation and lowered the pathogen load, thereby mitigating the severity of the disease, particularly the MBP.INVASc vaccine. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both vaccines have the potential for further development and optimization to enhance their protective efficacy against LI infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/2/207pigsantigenvirus-like particleenteropathydiarrheaOMP2 |
| spellingShingle | Kara L. Aves Ana H. Fresno Sajid Nisar Mauro M. Saraiva Nicole B. Goecke Adam F. Sander Morten A. Nielsen John E. Olsen Priscila R. Guerra Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets Vaccines pigs antigen virus-like particle enteropathy diarrhea OMP2 |
| title | Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets |
| title_full | Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets |
| title_fullStr | Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets |
| title_short | Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Targets Against <i>Lawsonia intracellularis</i> in Piglets |
| title_sort | outer membrane proteins as vaccine targets against i lawsonia intracellularis i in piglets |
| topic | pigs antigen virus-like particle enteropathy diarrhea OMP2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/2/207 |
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