High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China

Abstract Purpose To assess the correlation of body mass index (BMI), diet and lifestyle with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in children. Methods This prospective case-control study included 105 children with AC and 105 age- and sex-matched children with no AC. Clinical data were collected, including B...

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Main Authors: Xiao-Jiao Tang, Jia-Tong He, Qing Liu, Lin Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-12-01
Series:BMC Ophthalmology
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03815-w
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author Xiao-Jiao Tang
Jia-Tong He
Qing Liu
Lin Chen
author_facet Xiao-Jiao Tang
Jia-Tong He
Qing Liu
Lin Chen
author_sort Xiao-Jiao Tang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Purpose To assess the correlation of body mass index (BMI), diet and lifestyle with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in children. Methods This prospective case-control study included 105 children with AC and 105 age- and sex-matched children with no AC. Clinical data were collected, including BMI, dietary habits, physical activity, and sleep time. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for AC. Results Dietary habits including vitamin A supplement use (χ2 = 0.00; P = 1.00), the consumption of sweet food (χ2 = 6.70; P = 0.08), fast food (χ2 = 3.74; P = 0.29), beverages (χ2 = 1.17; P = 0.76), and seafood and fish (χ2 = 6.15; P = 0.10) and snacking before sleep (χ2 = 2.23; P = 0.53), were not associated with AC. There were significant differences in physical activity (χ2 = 12.64; P < 0.01) between the children with AC and healthy children. Physical activity of less than 1 h per day is more found among AC and more than 2 h of exercise per day is more found in healthy children. There were no differences in sleep duration (χ2 = 5.39; P = 0.07). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a high BMI (overweight and obesity) (OR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.30–7.20; P = 0.01) was a significant risk factor for AC. The consumption of fish oil supplements (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17–0.81; P = 0.01) and having been breastfed (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16–0.72; p = 0.005) were protective factors against AC. Conclusion A high BMI (overweight and obesity) can increase the incidence of AC. Breastfeeding and dietary supplementation with fish oil are recommended for children susceptible to AC.
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spelling doaj-art-68035a7c81404f16bf373880db3610f52025-08-20T02:39:48ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152024-12-012411810.1186/s12886-024-03815-wHigh body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest ChinaXiao-Jiao Tang0Jia-Tong He1Qing Liu2Lin Chen3Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityHealth Management Center of Chongqing General HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityAbstract Purpose To assess the correlation of body mass index (BMI), diet and lifestyle with allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in children. Methods This prospective case-control study included 105 children with AC and 105 age- and sex-matched children with no AC. Clinical data were collected, including BMI, dietary habits, physical activity, and sleep time. Multivariate regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for AC. Results Dietary habits including vitamin A supplement use (χ2 = 0.00; P = 1.00), the consumption of sweet food (χ2 = 6.70; P = 0.08), fast food (χ2 = 3.74; P = 0.29), beverages (χ2 = 1.17; P = 0.76), and seafood and fish (χ2 = 6.15; P = 0.10) and snacking before sleep (χ2 = 2.23; P = 0.53), were not associated with AC. There were significant differences in physical activity (χ2 = 12.64; P < 0.01) between the children with AC and healthy children. Physical activity of less than 1 h per day is more found among AC and more than 2 h of exercise per day is more found in healthy children. There were no differences in sleep duration (χ2 = 5.39; P = 0.07). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a high BMI (overweight and obesity) (OR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.30–7.20; P = 0.01) was a significant risk factor for AC. The consumption of fish oil supplements (OR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17–0.81; P = 0.01) and having been breastfed (OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.16–0.72; p = 0.005) were protective factors against AC. Conclusion A high BMI (overweight and obesity) can increase the incidence of AC. Breastfeeding and dietary supplementation with fish oil are recommended for children susceptible to AC.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03815-wDietary habitsObesityBody mass indexFish oilAllergic conjunctivitis
spellingShingle Xiao-Jiao Tang
Jia-Tong He
Qing Liu
Lin Chen
High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China
BMC Ophthalmology
Dietary habits
Obesity
Body mass index
Fish oil
Allergic conjunctivitis
title High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China
title_full High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China
title_fullStr High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China
title_full_unstemmed High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China
title_short High body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children: a case-control study in Southwest China
title_sort high body mass index with the risk of allergic conjunctivitis in children a case control study in southwest china
topic Dietary habits
Obesity
Body mass index
Fish oil
Allergic conjunctivitis
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-024-03815-w
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AT qingliu highbodymassindexwiththeriskofallergicconjunctivitisinchildrenacasecontrolstudyinsouthwestchina
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