Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model

<b>Background</b>: Palliative surgery for the treatment of functionally univentricular heart malformations consists of a staged approach to separation of the pulmonary and systemic circulation, including the creation of a superior cavopulmonary connection. Literature on the superior cavo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Benjamin Bierbach, Luca Pieterek, Jan Dauvergne, Carolin Scholl, Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski, Johannes Breuer, Boulos Asfour, Mathieu Vergnat, Tobias Kratz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Biomedicines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/4/918
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850156145581228032
author Benjamin Bierbach
Luca Pieterek
Jan Dauvergne
Carolin Scholl
Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski
Johannes Breuer
Boulos Asfour
Mathieu Vergnat
Tobias Kratz
author_facet Benjamin Bierbach
Luca Pieterek
Jan Dauvergne
Carolin Scholl
Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski
Johannes Breuer
Boulos Asfour
Mathieu Vergnat
Tobias Kratz
author_sort Benjamin Bierbach
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background</b>: Palliative surgery for the treatment of functionally univentricular heart malformations consists of a staged approach to separation of the pulmonary and systemic circulation, including the creation of a superior cavopulmonary connection. Literature on the superior cavopulmonary connection in porcine models lacks information on details of the procedure as well as data on its acute hemodynamic effects. In preliminary experiments, we were unable to reproduce an already published porcine model. Therefore, we used a conduit extension and cardiopulmonary bypass in order to achieve hemodynamic stability and still employ the commonly used straight downward pathway for the superior caval vein onto the right pulmonary artery, as in the human clinical setting. This model of a univentricular circulation utilising the superior cavopulmonary anastomosis is intended to be applied in the setting of unilateral diaphragmatic palsy. Hence, we aim to investigate the effect of unilateral diaphragmatic pacing in a reproducible model of univentricular physiology. <b>Methods</b>: Therefore, we constructed an anastomosis between the superior caval vein and the right pulmonary artery (RPA) in 14 pigs on cardiopulmonary bypass using a 12 mm expanded polytetrafluorethylene interposition graft. Six pigs received a bidirectional cavopulmonary connection with unrestricted atrial septal communication (BDCPC), while eight pigs received a unidirectional cavopulmonary connection (UDCPC) to the excluded RPA. <b>Results</b>: The BDCPC resulted in an impaired cardiopulmonary state (cardiac output dropped from 3.15 ± 0.21 to 2.17 ± 0.19 L/min; <i>p</i> < 0.01), mean arterial pressure plummeted (from 80.8 ± 3.7 to 49.3 ± 7.3 mmHg; <i>p</i> = 0.02), arterial lactate concentration rose (from 0.82 ± 0.09 to 4.36 ± 0.96 mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.01), arterial oxygen saturation dropped (from 95.8 ± 1.1 to 60.9 ± 10.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and right ventricular function deteriorated (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion decreased from 12 ± 0.7 to 5 ± 0.7 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.01). In contrast, in the UDCPC group, the cardiopulmonary parameters indicated a stable condition. <b>Conclusions:</b> Consequently, a UDCPC is a more suitable acute model in pigs for a univentricular circulation. The model’s reproducibility may aid in future research on partial cavopulmonary connection.
format Article
id doaj-art-67e47281050e46f090e3f4c6c3f6bfb0
institution OA Journals
issn 2227-9059
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Biomedicines
spelling doaj-art-67e47281050e46f090e3f4c6c3f6bfb02025-08-20T02:24:39ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-04-0113491810.3390/biomedicines13040918Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine ModelBenjamin Bierbach0Luca Pieterek1Jan Dauvergne2Carolin Scholl3Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski4Johannes Breuer5Boulos Asfour6Mathieu Vergnat7Tobias Kratz8Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanySection of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany<b>Background</b>: Palliative surgery for the treatment of functionally univentricular heart malformations consists of a staged approach to separation of the pulmonary and systemic circulation, including the creation of a superior cavopulmonary connection. Literature on the superior cavopulmonary connection in porcine models lacks information on details of the procedure as well as data on its acute hemodynamic effects. In preliminary experiments, we were unable to reproduce an already published porcine model. Therefore, we used a conduit extension and cardiopulmonary bypass in order to achieve hemodynamic stability and still employ the commonly used straight downward pathway for the superior caval vein onto the right pulmonary artery, as in the human clinical setting. This model of a univentricular circulation utilising the superior cavopulmonary anastomosis is intended to be applied in the setting of unilateral diaphragmatic palsy. Hence, we aim to investigate the effect of unilateral diaphragmatic pacing in a reproducible model of univentricular physiology. <b>Methods</b>: Therefore, we constructed an anastomosis between the superior caval vein and the right pulmonary artery (RPA) in 14 pigs on cardiopulmonary bypass using a 12 mm expanded polytetrafluorethylene interposition graft. Six pigs received a bidirectional cavopulmonary connection with unrestricted atrial septal communication (BDCPC), while eight pigs received a unidirectional cavopulmonary connection (UDCPC) to the excluded RPA. <b>Results</b>: The BDCPC resulted in an impaired cardiopulmonary state (cardiac output dropped from 3.15 ± 0.21 to 2.17 ± 0.19 L/min; <i>p</i> < 0.01), mean arterial pressure plummeted (from 80.8 ± 3.7 to 49.3 ± 7.3 mmHg; <i>p</i> = 0.02), arterial lactate concentration rose (from 0.82 ± 0.09 to 4.36 ± 0.96 mmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.01), arterial oxygen saturation dropped (from 95.8 ± 1.1 to 60.9 ± 10.4%; <i>p</i> < 0.01), and right ventricular function deteriorated (tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion decreased from 12 ± 0.7 to 5 ± 0.7 mm; <i>p</i> < 0.01). In contrast, in the UDCPC group, the cardiopulmonary parameters indicated a stable condition. <b>Conclusions:</b> Consequently, a UDCPC is a more suitable acute model in pigs for a univentricular circulation. The model’s reproducibility may aid in future research on partial cavopulmonary connection.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/4/918Glennporcine modeluniventricular circulationcavopulmonary connectionbidirectional cavopulmonary connectionright ventricular failure
spellingShingle Benjamin Bierbach
Luca Pieterek
Jan Dauvergne
Carolin Scholl
Christina Oetzmann von Sochaczewski
Johannes Breuer
Boulos Asfour
Mathieu Vergnat
Tobias Kratz
Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model
Biomedicines
Glenn
porcine model
univentricular circulation
cavopulmonary connection
bidirectional cavopulmonary connection
right ventricular failure
title Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model
title_full Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model
title_fullStr Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model
title_full_unstemmed Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model
title_short Establishment and Hemodynamic Assessment of the Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis in a Reproducible Porcine Model
title_sort establishment and hemodynamic assessment of the superior cavopulmonary anastomosis in a reproducible porcine model
topic Glenn
porcine model
univentricular circulation
cavopulmonary connection
bidirectional cavopulmonary connection
right ventricular failure
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/4/918
work_keys_str_mv AT benjaminbierbach establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT lucapieterek establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT jandauvergne establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT carolinscholl establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT christinaoetzmannvonsochaczewski establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT johannesbreuer establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT boulosasfour establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT mathieuvergnat establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel
AT tobiaskratz establishmentandhemodynamicassessmentofthesuperiorcavopulmonaryanastomosisinareproducibleporcinemodel