An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales

Electric power load forecasting is essential for the efficient operation and strategic planning of utilities. Decisions regarding the electric market, power generation, load management, and infrastructure development all rely on accurate load predictions. This work presents a novel methodology for d...

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Main Authors: Monica Borunda, Arturo Ortega Vega, Raul Garduno, Luis Conde, Manuel Adam Medina, Jeannete Ramírez Aparicio, Lorena Magallón Cacho, O. A. Jaramillo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4717
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author Monica Borunda
Arturo Ortega Vega
Raul Garduno
Luis Conde
Manuel Adam Medina
Jeannete Ramírez Aparicio
Lorena Magallón Cacho
O. A. Jaramillo
author_facet Monica Borunda
Arturo Ortega Vega
Raul Garduno
Luis Conde
Manuel Adam Medina
Jeannete Ramírez Aparicio
Lorena Magallón Cacho
O. A. Jaramillo
author_sort Monica Borunda
collection DOAJ
description Electric power load forecasting is essential for the efficient operation and strategic planning of utilities. Decisions regarding the electric market, power generation, load management, and infrastructure development all rely on accurate load predictions. This work presents a novel methodology for day-ahead load forecasting. The approach employs a long short-term memory neural network (LSTM NN) trained on representative load and meteorological data from the region. Before training, the load dataset is grouped by its statistical seasonality through K-means clustering analysis. Clustering load demand, along with similar-day data management, enables more focused training of the LSTM network on uniform data subsets, enhancing the model’s ability to capture temporal patterns and reducing the complexity associated with high variability in demand data. A case study using hourly load demand time-series data provided by the Centro Nacional de Control de Energía (CENACE) is analyzed, and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is calculated, showing lower MAPE than traditional methods. This hybrid approach demonstrates the potential of integrating clustering techniques with neural networks and representative meteorological data from the region to achieve more reliable and accurate regional day-ahead load forecasting.
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spelling doaj-art-67b3c5e506ff46f9b81d99f46e57f4c92025-08-20T01:49:16ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-04-01159471710.3390/app15094717An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual ScalesMonica Borunda0Arturo Ortega Vega1Raul Garduno2Luis Conde3Manuel Adam Medina4Jeannete Ramírez Aparicio5Lorena Magallón Cacho6O. A. Jaramillo7SECIHTI, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, MexicoInstituto Nacional de Electricidad y Energías Limpias, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoCentro Nacional de Control de Energía, Gerencia de Control Regional Oriental, Heroica Puebla de Zaragoza 72307, MexicoCentro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Cuernavaca 62490, MexicoSECIHTI, Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, MexicoSECIHTI, Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, MexicoInstituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco 62590, MexicoElectric power load forecasting is essential for the efficient operation and strategic planning of utilities. Decisions regarding the electric market, power generation, load management, and infrastructure development all rely on accurate load predictions. This work presents a novel methodology for day-ahead load forecasting. The approach employs a long short-term memory neural network (LSTM NN) trained on representative load and meteorological data from the region. Before training, the load dataset is grouped by its statistical seasonality through K-means clustering analysis. Clustering load demand, along with similar-day data management, enables more focused training of the LSTM network on uniform data subsets, enhancing the model’s ability to capture temporal patterns and reducing the complexity associated with high variability in demand data. A case study using hourly load demand time-series data provided by the Centro Nacional de Control de Energía (CENACE) is analyzed, and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is calculated, showing lower MAPE than traditional methods. This hybrid approach demonstrates the potential of integrating clustering techniques with neural networks and representative meteorological data from the region to achieve more reliable and accurate regional day-ahead load forecasting.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4717day-ahead forecastingLSTM NNhourly electrical load forecastingsimilar daysclusteringK-means
spellingShingle Monica Borunda
Arturo Ortega Vega
Raul Garduno
Luis Conde
Manuel Adam Medina
Jeannete Ramírez Aparicio
Lorena Magallón Cacho
O. A. Jaramillo
An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales
Applied Sciences
day-ahead forecasting
LSTM NN
hourly electrical load forecasting
similar days
clustering
K-means
title An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales
title_full An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales
title_fullStr An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales
title_full_unstemmed An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales
title_short An Intelligent Method for Day-Ahead Regional Load Demand Forecasting via Machine-Learning Analysis of Energy Consumption Patterns Across Daily, Weekly, and Annual Scales
title_sort intelligent method for day ahead regional load demand forecasting via machine learning analysis of energy consumption patterns across daily weekly and annual scales
topic day-ahead forecasting
LSTM NN
hourly electrical load forecasting
similar days
clustering
K-means
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/9/4717
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