LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations

Abstract Background TP53 mutations are linked to aggressive progression and chemoresistance in gastric cancer (GC). Frameshift mutation is the second most common mutation type of TP53. However, the consequences of this mutation type in GC were not well understood, and targeted therapies for cancer p...

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Main Authors: Suzeng Wang, Chunyu Yang, Junhui Tang, Kaiqing Wang, Hao Cheng, Surui Yao, Zhaohui Huang, Bojian Fei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:Clinical Epigenetics
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-025-01829-9
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author Suzeng Wang
Chunyu Yang
Junhui Tang
Kaiqing Wang
Hao Cheng
Surui Yao
Zhaohui Huang
Bojian Fei
author_facet Suzeng Wang
Chunyu Yang
Junhui Tang
Kaiqing Wang
Hao Cheng
Surui Yao
Zhaohui Huang
Bojian Fei
author_sort Suzeng Wang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background TP53 mutations are linked to aggressive progression and chemoresistance in gastric cancer (GC). Frameshift mutation is the second most common mutation type of TP53. However, the consequences of this mutation type in GC were not well understood, and targeted therapies for cancer patients harboring frameshift mutations were also not established. Histone methylation significantly influences tumorigenesis in TP53-mutated cancers, and related inhibitors are emerging as specific therapeutic strategies. Methods and results By treating GC cell lines harboring various TP53 mutation types with a library of histone demethylase inhibitors, we identified that GSK690, a reversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), selectively inhibits GC cells harboring TP53 frameshift mutations without nuclear localization sequence (NLS) (termed TP53 Frameshift NLS), which accounts for 89% TP53 frameshift mutations in GC patients. GSK690 showed significant specific inhibition in vitro and in vivo against this subtype by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest via the LSD1-CCNA2 axis. Importantly, dual-luciferase assays and ChIP-qPCR confirmed that the loss of transcriptional repression activities of p53 in drives LSD1 upregulation in TP53 Frameshift NLS cancer cells. Conclusions In summary, our results indicate that the nuclear localization deficiency of p53 accounts for increased expression of LSD1 in TP53 Frameshift NLS GCs. GSK690 inhibits cell cycle progression and tumor growth by suppressing aberrantly activated LSD1-CCNA2 signaling in this GC subtype, counteracting malignant proliferation and thereby providing a precise therapeutic strategy for GC patients with TP53 Frameshift NLS.
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spelling doaj-art-67a4e9862bf5487296e17df1d8424f412025-08-20T03:13:15ZengBMCClinical Epigenetics1868-70832025-02-0117111410.1186/s13148-025-01829-9LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutationsSuzeng Wang0Chunyu Yang1Junhui Tang2Kaiqing Wang3Hao Cheng4Surui Yao5Zhaohui Huang6Bojian Fei7Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityAbstract Background TP53 mutations are linked to aggressive progression and chemoresistance in gastric cancer (GC). Frameshift mutation is the second most common mutation type of TP53. However, the consequences of this mutation type in GC were not well understood, and targeted therapies for cancer patients harboring frameshift mutations were also not established. Histone methylation significantly influences tumorigenesis in TP53-mutated cancers, and related inhibitors are emerging as specific therapeutic strategies. Methods and results By treating GC cell lines harboring various TP53 mutation types with a library of histone demethylase inhibitors, we identified that GSK690, a reversible inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), selectively inhibits GC cells harboring TP53 frameshift mutations without nuclear localization sequence (NLS) (termed TP53 Frameshift NLS), which accounts for 89% TP53 frameshift mutations in GC patients. GSK690 showed significant specific inhibition in vitro and in vivo against this subtype by inducing G1/S cell cycle arrest via the LSD1-CCNA2 axis. Importantly, dual-luciferase assays and ChIP-qPCR confirmed that the loss of transcriptional repression activities of p53 in drives LSD1 upregulation in TP53 Frameshift NLS cancer cells. Conclusions In summary, our results indicate that the nuclear localization deficiency of p53 accounts for increased expression of LSD1 in TP53 Frameshift NLS GCs. GSK690 inhibits cell cycle progression and tumor growth by suppressing aberrantly activated LSD1-CCNA2 signaling in this GC subtype, counteracting malignant proliferation and thereby providing a precise therapeutic strategy for GC patients with TP53 Frameshift NLS.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-025-01829-9Gastric cancerHistone demethylaseTP53LSD1Frameshift mutations
spellingShingle Suzeng Wang
Chunyu Yang
Junhui Tang
Kaiqing Wang
Hao Cheng
Surui Yao
Zhaohui Huang
Bojian Fei
LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations
Clinical Epigenetics
Gastric cancer
Histone demethylase
TP53
LSD1
Frameshift mutations
title LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations
title_full LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations
title_fullStr LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations
title_full_unstemmed LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations
title_short LSD1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring TP53 frameshift mutations
title_sort lsd1 is a targetable vulnerability in gastric cancer harboring tp53 frameshift mutations
topic Gastric cancer
Histone demethylase
TP53
LSD1
Frameshift mutations
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-025-01829-9
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