Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics
During the commission of crimes, traces of biological origin are left on the objects of the environment, tools, clothing, and the body of the participants. To conduct an identification study, an expert needs to compare the traces of the crime with biological samples of the person being tested. Crite...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Ukrainian |
| Published: |
Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs
2024-06-01
|
| Series: | Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://visnyk.univd.edu.ua/index.php/VNUAF/article/view/736 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832568777681666048 |
|---|---|
| author | M. H. Shcherbakovskyi A. M. Protsenko A. E. Volkova |
| author_facet | M. H. Shcherbakovskyi A. M. Protsenko A. E. Volkova |
| author_sort | M. H. Shcherbakovskyi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | During the commission of crimes, traces of biological origin are left on the objects of the environment, tools, clothing, and the body of the participants. To conduct an identification study, an expert needs to compare the traces of the crime with biological samples of the person being tested. Criteria for determining biological samples are proposed. The biological criterion means that the samples reflect the internal and external properties of a person as a biological organism. The informational criterion is that the samples meet certain requirements: undoubted origin, required quantity, proper quality, compatibility with traces of crime. The identification criterion establishes that the human properties reflected by the samples are individual, stable, cannot be deliberately altered by a person and are suitable for identification. The procedural criterion means that biological samples must be collected in a lawful manner. Based on these criteria, biological samples for examination include: body parts; secretions as products of human activity; imprints of the skin relief of the human body.
The mandatory participants in the collection of biological samples as a procedural action are: persons from whom biological samples are collected; officials who conduct the collection of samples and are responsible for its legality and validity; a specialist or expert; witnesses; employees of the relevant law enforcement agencies (in the case of compulsory collection of biological samples). Optional participants are a defence counsel, legal representative, representative, lawyer, doctor at their request.
During the compulsory collection of biological samples, in order to ensure the legality, objectivity, reliability of the objects of expert research, preservation of health and observance of human rights, it is necessary to comply with legal, ethical, medical and forensic conditions. The author proposes a general algorithm for the tactics of obtaining biological samples for examination at the stage of pre-trial investigation, which includes the preparatory, working and final stages. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-67878f9787614f818a1d510fa1e7c163 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1999-5717 2617-278X |
| language | Ukrainian |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs |
| spelling | doaj-art-67878f9787614f818a1d510fa1e7c1632025-02-03T00:36:36ZukrKharkiv National University of Internal AffairsBulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs1999-57172617-278X2024-06-011052 (Part 1)18920310.32631/v.2024.2.18736Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tacticsM. H. Shcherbakovskyi0A. M. Protsenko1A. E. Volkova2Kharkiv National University of Internal AffairsKelmenets District Court of the Chernivtsi RegionSumy Research Expert Forensic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of UkraineDuring the commission of crimes, traces of biological origin are left on the objects of the environment, tools, clothing, and the body of the participants. To conduct an identification study, an expert needs to compare the traces of the crime with biological samples of the person being tested. Criteria for determining biological samples are proposed. The biological criterion means that the samples reflect the internal and external properties of a person as a biological organism. The informational criterion is that the samples meet certain requirements: undoubted origin, required quantity, proper quality, compatibility with traces of crime. The identification criterion establishes that the human properties reflected by the samples are individual, stable, cannot be deliberately altered by a person and are suitable for identification. The procedural criterion means that biological samples must be collected in a lawful manner. Based on these criteria, biological samples for examination include: body parts; secretions as products of human activity; imprints of the skin relief of the human body. The mandatory participants in the collection of biological samples as a procedural action are: persons from whom biological samples are collected; officials who conduct the collection of samples and are responsible for its legality and validity; a specialist or expert; witnesses; employees of the relevant law enforcement agencies (in the case of compulsory collection of biological samples). Optional participants are a defence counsel, legal representative, representative, lawyer, doctor at their request. During the compulsory collection of biological samples, in order to ensure the legality, objectivity, reliability of the objects of expert research, preservation of health and observance of human rights, it is necessary to comply with legal, ethical, medical and forensic conditions. The author proposes a general algorithm for the tactics of obtaining biological samples for examination at the stage of pre-trial investigation, which includes the preparatory, working and final stages.https://visnyk.univd.edu.ua/index.php/VNUAF/article/view/736criminal proceedingsforensic examinationbiological samplescompulsory samplingsampling conditionssampling tactics. |
| spellingShingle | M. H. Shcherbakovskyi A. M. Protsenko A. E. Volkova Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs criminal proceedings forensic examination biological samples compulsory sampling sampling conditions sampling tactics. |
| title | Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics |
| title_full | Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics |
| title_fullStr | Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics |
| title_short | Biological samples for examination: concepts, conditions, sampling tactics |
| title_sort | biological samples for examination concepts conditions sampling tactics |
| topic | criminal proceedings forensic examination biological samples compulsory sampling sampling conditions sampling tactics. |
| url | https://visnyk.univd.edu.ua/index.php/VNUAF/article/view/736 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mhshcherbakovskyi biologicalsamplesforexaminationconceptsconditionssamplingtactics AT amprotsenko biologicalsamplesforexaminationconceptsconditionssamplingtactics AT aevolkova biologicalsamplesforexaminationconceptsconditionssamplingtactics |