Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice

Pectinolytic enzymes play a key role in many beverages manufacturing processes, improving their clarification and filtration steps. Fungal pectinases are considered promising green catalysts for industrial applications, and they can be produced using fruit-processing residues as substrate. In this s...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lucas de S. Falcão, Trisha E. de A. Monteiro, Thaís S. do Amaral, Sthéfanny C. M. Azevedo, Bárbara N. Batista, António M. Jordão, Patrícia M. Albuquerque
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Beverages
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/11/1/6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849719050500833280
author Lucas de S. Falcão
Trisha E. de A. Monteiro
Thaís S. do Amaral
Sthéfanny C. M. Azevedo
Bárbara N. Batista
António M. Jordão
Patrícia M. Albuquerque
author_facet Lucas de S. Falcão
Trisha E. de A. Monteiro
Thaís S. do Amaral
Sthéfanny C. M. Azevedo
Bárbara N. Batista
António M. Jordão
Patrícia M. Albuquerque
author_sort Lucas de S. Falcão
collection DOAJ
description Pectinolytic enzymes play a key role in many beverages manufacturing processes, improving their clarification and filtration steps. Fungal pectinases are considered promising green catalysts for industrial applications, and they can be produced using fruit-processing residues as substrate. In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions to produce polygalacturonase from <i>Aspergillus brasiliensis</i> in a solid-phase bioprocess, using cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) peel as substrate. Then, the pectinolytic extract was applied in the clarification of cupuaçu juice. A central composite design was used to determine the optimal fungal cultivation conditions. Thus, the optimal fungal cultivation (maximum production of 11.81 U/g of polygalacturonase) was obtained using cupuaçu peel with 80% moisture, at 34 °C, for 7 days in a medium containing 4.2% phosphorus and 2.6% nitrogen. The enzymatic extract showed greater activity at 60 °C and stability at a pH range between 5.0 and 7.0. The pectinolytic extract was able to clarify the cupuaçu juice, causing a 53.95% reduction in its turbidity and maintaining its antioxidant activity. Our results demonstrate that the cupuaçu peel can be used as a substrate to produce polygalacturonase, and the enzymatic extract produced can be applied in the cupuaçu juice processing, contributing to the circular economy.
format Article
id doaj-art-676b17c9e6e34db79cdc9ef7abc74c13
institution DOAJ
issn 2306-5710
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Beverages
spelling doaj-art-676b17c9e6e34db79cdc9ef7abc74c132025-08-20T03:12:14ZengMDPI AGBeverages2306-57102024-12-01111610.3390/beverages11010006Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu JuiceLucas de S. Falcão0Trisha E. de A. Monteiro1Thaís S. do Amaral2Sthéfanny C. M. Azevedo3Bárbara N. Batista4António M. Jordão5Patrícia M. Albuquerque6Multicenter Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, BrazilLaboratory of Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, BrazilLaboratory of Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, BrazilMulticenter Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, BrazilLaboratory of Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, BrazilGraduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, BrazilMulticenter Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, BrazilPectinolytic enzymes play a key role in many beverages manufacturing processes, improving their clarification and filtration steps. Fungal pectinases are considered promising green catalysts for industrial applications, and they can be produced using fruit-processing residues as substrate. In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions to produce polygalacturonase from <i>Aspergillus brasiliensis</i> in a solid-phase bioprocess, using cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) peel as substrate. Then, the pectinolytic extract was applied in the clarification of cupuaçu juice. A central composite design was used to determine the optimal fungal cultivation conditions. Thus, the optimal fungal cultivation (maximum production of 11.81 U/g of polygalacturonase) was obtained using cupuaçu peel with 80% moisture, at 34 °C, for 7 days in a medium containing 4.2% phosphorus and 2.6% nitrogen. The enzymatic extract showed greater activity at 60 °C and stability at a pH range between 5.0 and 7.0. The pectinolytic extract was able to clarify the cupuaçu juice, causing a 53.95% reduction in its turbidity and maintaining its antioxidant activity. Our results demonstrate that the cupuaçu peel can be used as a substrate to produce polygalacturonase, and the enzymatic extract produced can be applied in the cupuaçu juice processing, contributing to the circular economy.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/11/1/6fungal pectinaseagro-industrial residuescupuaçu juiceantioxidant activityclarification
spellingShingle Lucas de S. Falcão
Trisha E. de A. Monteiro
Thaís S. do Amaral
Sthéfanny C. M. Azevedo
Bárbara N. Batista
António M. Jordão
Patrícia M. Albuquerque
Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice
Beverages
fungal pectinase
agro-industrial residues
cupuaçu juice
antioxidant activity
clarification
title Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice
title_full Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice
title_fullStr Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice
title_full_unstemmed Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice
title_short Optimized Production of Fungal Polygalacturonase Using Cupuaçu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) Peel as Substrate and Its Effect on Clarification of Cupuaçu Juice
title_sort optimized production of fungal polygalacturonase using cupuacu i theobroma grandiflorum i peel as substrate and its effect on clarification of cupuacu juice
topic fungal pectinase
agro-industrial residues
cupuaçu juice
antioxidant activity
clarification
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/11/1/6
work_keys_str_mv AT lucasdesfalcao optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice
AT trishaedeamonteiro optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice
AT thaissdoamaral optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice
AT sthefannycmazevedo optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice
AT barbaranbatista optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice
AT antoniomjordao optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice
AT patriciamalbuquerque optimizedproductionoffungalpolygalacturonaseusingcupuacuitheobromagrandiflorumipeelassubstrateanditseffectonclarificationofcupuacujuice