Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study
Background: Effective treatments for COVID-19 are needed to mitigate disease progression and reduce the burden on healthcare systems. This study investigates the impact of early treatments on SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding duration among high-risk individuals with mild symptoms. Methods: A single-center,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224003369 |
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| author | Marta Colaneri Federico Fama Federico Fassio Darcy Holmes Giovanni Scaglione Chiara Mariani Lucia Galli Alessia Lai Spinello Antinori Andrea Gori Agostino Riva Monica Schiavini |
| author_facet | Marta Colaneri Federico Fama Federico Fassio Darcy Holmes Giovanni Scaglione Chiara Mariani Lucia Galli Alessia Lai Spinello Antinori Andrea Gori Agostino Riva Monica Schiavini |
| author_sort | Marta Colaneri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Effective treatments for COVID-19 are needed to mitigate disease progression and reduce the burden on healthcare systems. This study investigates the impact of early treatments on SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding duration among high-risk individuals with mild symptoms. Methods: A single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted at Luigi Sacco Hospital in Milan from December 2021 to March 2023. Hospitalized and nonhospitalized adults with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and at high-risk of disease progression were enrolled. Unadjusted and adjusted negative binomial regression models and a Random Forest regression model were performed before and after matching subjects based on their propensity of being treated or not. Results: Results from 518 subjects (428 treated and 90 untreated) revealed a significant reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding duration among those who received early treatment compared to untreated individuals. Propensity score matching and multivariable regression analyses confirmed this finding. Early treatment significantly reduced the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and pneumonia development. Subgroup analysis identified COPD as a potential factor influencing effectiveness of early treatments. Conclusions: Early treatments play a crucial role in reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding and preventing disease progression among high-risk individuals. Shorter viral shedding duration also contributes to improved healthcare resource utilization and infection control measures. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6740203e726242589fb1d53b909529e8 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1201-9712 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-6740203e726242589fb1d53b909529e82025-08-20T02:49:05ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases1201-97122024-12-0114910726510.1016/j.ijid.2024.107265Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching studyMarta Colaneri0Federico Fama1Federico Fassio2Darcy Holmes3Giovanni Scaglione4Chiara Mariani5Lucia Galli6Alessia Lai7Spinello Antinori8Andrea Gori9Agostino Riva10Monica Schiavini11Department of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, ItalyCorresponding author.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyInfectious Disease Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy; Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; III Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Infectious Diseases and Immunopathology, University of Milan, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, ItalyBackground: Effective treatments for COVID-19 are needed to mitigate disease progression and reduce the burden on healthcare systems. This study investigates the impact of early treatments on SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding duration among high-risk individuals with mild symptoms. Methods: A single-center, retrospective observational study was conducted at Luigi Sacco Hospital in Milan from December 2021 to March 2023. Hospitalized and nonhospitalized adults with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and at high-risk of disease progression were enrolled. Unadjusted and adjusted negative binomial regression models and a Random Forest regression model were performed before and after matching subjects based on their propensity of being treated or not. Results: Results from 518 subjects (428 treated and 90 untreated) revealed a significant reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding duration among those who received early treatment compared to untreated individuals. Propensity score matching and multivariable regression analyses confirmed this finding. Early treatment significantly reduced the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization and pneumonia development. Subgroup analysis identified COPD as a potential factor influencing effectiveness of early treatments. Conclusions: Early treatments play a crucial role in reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding and preventing disease progression among high-risk individuals. Shorter viral shedding duration also contributes to improved healthcare resource utilization and infection control measures.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224003369COVID-19Time to negativizationViral sheddingEarly treatmentsHigh-risk subjectsCOPD |
| spellingShingle | Marta Colaneri Federico Fama Federico Fassio Darcy Holmes Giovanni Scaglione Chiara Mariani Lucia Galli Alessia Lai Spinello Antinori Andrea Gori Agostino Riva Monica Schiavini Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study International Journal of Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Time to negativization Viral shedding Early treatments High-risk subjects COPD |
| title | Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study |
| title_full | Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study |
| title_fullStr | Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study |
| title_short | Impact of early antiviral therapy on SARS-CoV-2 clearance time in high-risk COVID-19 subjects: A propensity score matching study |
| title_sort | impact of early antiviral therapy on sars cov 2 clearance time in high risk covid 19 subjects a propensity score matching study |
| topic | COVID-19 Time to negativization Viral shedding Early treatments High-risk subjects COPD |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224003369 |
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