QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal

Abstract Many COVID-19 sufferers have a history of cardiovascular illnesses, which makes them more likely to develop severe COVID-19. Such patients were advised by experts to prioritize drug therapies based on their doctor’s commendations to avoid exacerbating their basic illnesses. Therefore, devel...

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Main Authors: Ahmed R. Mohamed, Rania A. Sayed, Abdalla Shalaby, Hany Ibrahim
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-02-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83692-x
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author Ahmed R. Mohamed
Rania A. Sayed
Abdalla Shalaby
Hany Ibrahim
author_facet Ahmed R. Mohamed
Rania A. Sayed
Abdalla Shalaby
Hany Ibrahim
author_sort Ahmed R. Mohamed
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Many COVID-19 sufferers have a history of cardiovascular illnesses, which makes them more likely to develop severe COVID-19. Such patients were advised by experts to prioritize drug therapies based on their doctor’s commendations to avoid exacerbating their basic illnesses. Therefore, developing an analytical methodology for the concurrent estimation of medications prescribed for co-treating cardiovascular and COVID-19 illnesses is becoming critical in both bioavailability hubs and QC units. Herein, an inventive, rapid, and affordable HPTLC approach was developed, and its conditions were optimized employing the full factorial design approach for the concurrent estimation of aspirin, atorvastatin, atenolol, losartan, remdesivir, and favipiravir as co-administered medications, either with salicylic acid or not. Using the desirability function, the experimental design approach could forecast the best eluent system for optimal resolution results. On HPTLC-silica plates, the above-mentioned medications were separated utilizing an eluent system of ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, methanol, and ammonia (6:4:4:1 by volume), and their spots were detected at 232 nm. The proposed methodology was evaluated following ICH prerequisites and applied successfully to the medications’ dosage forms, human plasma, and buffered dissolution media with superb recovery proportions and no intrusiveness from formulations’ additives or plasma matrices. Five metrics were employed to appraise the suggested technique’s greenness: AGREE, eco-scale, Raynie and Driver, GAPI, and NEMI. The sensitivity, large sample capacity, and short run duration (15 min) of the proposed methodology confirm its appositeness for regular estimation of the above-mentioned medications.
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spelling doaj-art-672bbb9d08504a48bbab6fb8b3a0cdfe2025-08-20T03:10:55ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111210.1038/s41598-024-83692-xQbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisalAhmed R. Mohamed0Rania A. Sayed1Abdalla Shalaby2Hany Ibrahim3Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian UniversityAnalytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig UniversityAnalytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig UniversityPharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian UniversityAbstract Many COVID-19 sufferers have a history of cardiovascular illnesses, which makes them more likely to develop severe COVID-19. Such patients were advised by experts to prioritize drug therapies based on their doctor’s commendations to avoid exacerbating their basic illnesses. Therefore, developing an analytical methodology for the concurrent estimation of medications prescribed for co-treating cardiovascular and COVID-19 illnesses is becoming critical in both bioavailability hubs and QC units. Herein, an inventive, rapid, and affordable HPTLC approach was developed, and its conditions were optimized employing the full factorial design approach for the concurrent estimation of aspirin, atorvastatin, atenolol, losartan, remdesivir, and favipiravir as co-administered medications, either with salicylic acid or not. Using the desirability function, the experimental design approach could forecast the best eluent system for optimal resolution results. On HPTLC-silica plates, the above-mentioned medications were separated utilizing an eluent system of ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, methanol, and ammonia (6:4:4:1 by volume), and their spots were detected at 232 nm. The proposed methodology was evaluated following ICH prerequisites and applied successfully to the medications’ dosage forms, human plasma, and buffered dissolution media with superb recovery proportions and no intrusiveness from formulations’ additives or plasma matrices. Five metrics were employed to appraise the suggested technique’s greenness: AGREE, eco-scale, Raynie and Driver, GAPI, and NEMI. The sensitivity, large sample capacity, and short run duration (15 min) of the proposed methodology confirm its appositeness for regular estimation of the above-mentioned medications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83692-xCOVID-19Cardiovascular illnessesHPTLCExperimental designGreenness appraisal.
spellingShingle Ahmed R. Mohamed
Rania A. Sayed
Abdalla Shalaby
Hany Ibrahim
QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal
Scientific Reports
COVID-19
Cardiovascular illnesses
HPTLC
Experimental design
Greenness appraisal.
title QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal
title_full QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal
title_fullStr QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal
title_full_unstemmed QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal
title_short QbD-steered HPTLC approach for concurrent estimation of six co-administered COVID-19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices: greenness appraisal
title_sort qbd steered hptlc approach for concurrent estimation of six co administered covid 19 and cardiovascular drugs in different matrices greenness appraisal
topic COVID-19
Cardiovascular illnesses
HPTLC
Experimental design
Greenness appraisal.
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83692-x
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