Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index
Abstract The three Swarm satellites provide an optimum, low Earth orbit (LEO) and multi‐spacecraft platform, to explore for the first time the local correlation between field‐aligned currents (FACs), auroral electrojets, and magnetic perturbations at the Earth's surface. By combining Swarm and...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112430 |
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| author | Octav Marghitu Adrian Blăgău Vlad Constantinescu Malcolm W. Dunlop Guram Kervalishvili Jan Rauberg Jesper W. Gjerloev |
| author_facet | Octav Marghitu Adrian Blăgău Vlad Constantinescu Malcolm W. Dunlop Guram Kervalishvili Jan Rauberg Jesper W. Gjerloev |
| author_sort | Octav Marghitu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The three Swarm satellites provide an optimum, low Earth orbit (LEO) and multi‐spacecraft platform, to explore for the first time the local correlation between field‐aligned currents (FACs), auroral electrojets, and magnetic perturbations at the Earth's surface. By combining Swarm and ground magnetic field data, one can investigate systematically the full correlation chain, whose final link controls the ground induced currents and related space weather effects. We introduce an integrated FAC product, the Sheet FAC (SFAC) index, as a convenient measure of the in‐situ FAC data, and explore the correlations SFAC‐AE, SFAC‐PEJ and SFAC‐dH, with AE the standard auroral electrojet index, PEJ the local, Swarm based, polar electrojet index, and dH the horizontal magnetic field perturbation at the Earth's surface. Given the good SFAC‐dH correlation, we also suggest an extension of SFAC to higher LEO satellites, which cannot observe any more the electrojet currents, but are fully capable to monitor SFAC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-671d3bc297874698b8789cb05dd6b6ce |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-671d3bc297874698b8789cb05dd6b6ce2025-08-20T02:27:05ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-03-01525n/an/a10.1029/2024GL112430Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC IndexOctav Marghitu0Adrian Blăgău1Vlad Constantinescu2Malcolm W. Dunlop3Guram Kervalishvili4Jan Rauberg5Jesper W. Gjerloev6Institute for Space Sciences Bucharest‐Măgurele RomaniaInstitute for Space Sciences Bucharest‐Măgurele RomaniaInstitute for Space Sciences Bucharest‐Măgurele RomaniaRAL Space STFC Harwell Oxford UKGFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam GermanyGFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam GermanyJohns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratoy Laurel MD USAAbstract The three Swarm satellites provide an optimum, low Earth orbit (LEO) and multi‐spacecraft platform, to explore for the first time the local correlation between field‐aligned currents (FACs), auroral electrojets, and magnetic perturbations at the Earth's surface. By combining Swarm and ground magnetic field data, one can investigate systematically the full correlation chain, whose final link controls the ground induced currents and related space weather effects. We introduce an integrated FAC product, the Sheet FAC (SFAC) index, as a convenient measure of the in‐situ FAC data, and explore the correlations SFAC‐AE, SFAC‐PEJ and SFAC‐dH, with AE the standard auroral electrojet index, PEJ the local, Swarm based, polar electrojet index, and dH the horizontal magnetic field perturbation at the Earth's surface. Given the good SFAC‐dH correlation, we also suggest an extension of SFAC to higher LEO satellites, which cannot observe any more the electrojet currents, but are fully capable to monitor SFAC.https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112430fielld‐aligned currentelectrojet currentground magnetic perturbationbursty bulk flow and magnetospheric dynamicsspace weatherSwarm mission and low Earth orbit satellites |
| spellingShingle | Octav Marghitu Adrian Blăgău Vlad Constantinescu Malcolm W. Dunlop Guram Kervalishvili Jan Rauberg Jesper W. Gjerloev Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index Geophysical Research Letters fielld‐aligned current electrojet current ground magnetic perturbation bursty bulk flow and magnetospheric dynamics space weather Swarm mission and low Earth orbit satellites |
| title | Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index |
| title_full | Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index |
| title_short | Investigation of Space Weather Effects by Swarm Magnetic Field Data: The SFAC Index |
| title_sort | investigation of space weather effects by swarm magnetic field data the sfac index |
| topic | fielld‐aligned current electrojet current ground magnetic perturbation bursty bulk flow and magnetospheric dynamics space weather Swarm mission and low Earth orbit satellites |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL112430 |
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