Bulk milk quality differs across welfare levels in Italian dairy cattle farms with different housing systems

Bulk milk quality differs across welfare levels in Italian dairy cattle farms with different housing systems

We investigated the effect of the welfare level measured with the Italian ClassyFarm protocol on bulk milk quality traits, differentiating between loose (LHS) and tied housing system (THS). The overall welfare ClassyFarm score combines the scores of management, biosecurity, structures, and animal-ba...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Silvia Sabbadin, Silvia Magro, Angela Costa, Valentina Lorenzi, Francesca Fusi, Luigi Bertocchi, Massimo De Marchi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Italian Journal of Animal Science
Subjects:
classyfarm system
milk composition
farm management
animal welfare
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2025.2483941
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