Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased in the pediatric population. Irisin, an adipomyokine, is involved in white adipose tissue browning, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory pathways. Data on the associations among ci...

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Main Authors: Anna S. Huerta-Delgado, Daniel N. Roffe-Vazquez, Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil, José R. Villarreal-Calderón, Oscar Tamez-Rivera, Nora A. Rodriguez-Gutierrez, Elena C. Castillo, Christian Silva-Platas, Gerardo Garcia-Rivas, Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-01-01
Series:Journal of Diabetes Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1949415
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author Anna S. Huerta-Delgado
Daniel N. Roffe-Vazquez
Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil
José R. Villarreal-Calderón
Oscar Tamez-Rivera
Nora A. Rodriguez-Gutierrez
Elena C. Castillo
Christian Silva-Platas
Gerardo Garcia-Rivas
Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
author_facet Anna S. Huerta-Delgado
Daniel N. Roffe-Vazquez
Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil
José R. Villarreal-Calderón
Oscar Tamez-Rivera
Nora A. Rodriguez-Gutierrez
Elena C. Castillo
Christian Silva-Platas
Gerardo Garcia-Rivas
Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
author_sort Anna S. Huerta-Delgado
collection DOAJ
description The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased in the pediatric population. Irisin, an adipomyokine, is involved in white adipose tissue browning, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory pathways. Data on the associations among circulating irisin levels, soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs), and inflammatory cytokines is scarce in children and adolescents with MetS and T2DM. Subjects aged 6-16 years were grouped into T2DM, MetS, and healthy controls. Serum irisin levels were significantly lower in the MetS (6.6 [2.8-18.0] ng/mL) and T2DM (6.8 [2.2-23.2] ng/mL) groups compared with controls (30.3 [24.6-57.1] ng/mL). Negative correlations between irisin and the BMI percentile (R=−0.358), WC percentile (R=−0.308), and triglycerides (R=−0.284) were identified, while positive associations with TC (R=0.287), HDL-c (R=0.488), and LDL-c (R=0.414) were observed. Significant negative correlations were found between irisin and sNCAM (R=−0.382), sICAM-2 (R=−0.300), sVCAM-1 (R=−0.292), MCP-1 (R=−0.308), and IFN-α2 (R=−0.406). Of note, lower concentrations of most sCAMs (sICAM-1, sPSGL-1, sP-selectin, sEpCAM, sICAM-2, sALCAM, sPECAM-1, sCD44, sVCAM-1, sICAM-3, sL-selectin, and sNCAM) were shown in T2DM subjects compared with MetS patients. Lower irisin levels induce a lack of inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. In T2DM, higher ROS, AGEs, glucotoxicity, and inflammation trigger endothelial cell apoptosis, which downregulates the sCAM expression as a compensatory mechanism to prevent further vascular damage. In opposition, in subjects with MetS that have not yet developed T2DM and its accompanying stressors, the upregulation of the sCAM expression is ensued.
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spelling doaj-art-66ec6c3c2c0b4769a7f462bcce56fe672025-08-20T02:23:41ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67452314-67532020-01-01202010.1155/2020/19494151949415Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic SyndromeAnna S. Huerta-Delgado0Daniel N. Roffe-Vazquez1Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil2José R. Villarreal-Calderón3Oscar Tamez-Rivera4Nora A. Rodriguez-Gutierrez5Elena C. Castillo6Christian Silva-Platas7Gerardo Garcia-Rivas8Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor9Center for Research in Obesity and Clinical Nutrition, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64710, MexicoCenter for Research in Obesity and Clinical Nutrition, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64710, MexicoCenter for Research in Obesity and Clinical Nutrition, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64710, MexicoCenter for Research in Obesity and Clinical Nutrition, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64710, MexicoDepartment of Pediatrics, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza-Garcia 66278, MexicoDepartment of Pediatrics, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Materno-Infantil, Guadalupe 67140, MexicoCenter for Biomedical Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza-Garcia 66278, MexicoCenter for Biomedical Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza-Garcia 66278, MexicoCenter for Biomedical Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Hospital Zambrano Hellion, San Pedro Garza-Garcia 66278, MexicoCenter for Research in Obesity and Clinical Nutrition, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Escuela de Medicina, Monterrey 64710, MexicoThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased in the pediatric population. Irisin, an adipomyokine, is involved in white adipose tissue browning, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory pathways. Data on the associations among circulating irisin levels, soluble cell adhesion molecules (sCAMs), and inflammatory cytokines is scarce in children and adolescents with MetS and T2DM. Subjects aged 6-16 years were grouped into T2DM, MetS, and healthy controls. Serum irisin levels were significantly lower in the MetS (6.6 [2.8-18.0] ng/mL) and T2DM (6.8 [2.2-23.2] ng/mL) groups compared with controls (30.3 [24.6-57.1] ng/mL). Negative correlations between irisin and the BMI percentile (R=−0.358), WC percentile (R=−0.308), and triglycerides (R=−0.284) were identified, while positive associations with TC (R=0.287), HDL-c (R=0.488), and LDL-c (R=0.414) were observed. Significant negative correlations were found between irisin and sNCAM (R=−0.382), sICAM-2 (R=−0.300), sVCAM-1 (R=−0.292), MCP-1 (R=−0.308), and IFN-α2 (R=−0.406). Of note, lower concentrations of most sCAMs (sICAM-1, sPSGL-1, sP-selectin, sEpCAM, sICAM-2, sALCAM, sPECAM-1, sCD44, sVCAM-1, sICAM-3, sL-selectin, and sNCAM) were shown in T2DM subjects compared with MetS patients. Lower irisin levels induce a lack of inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. In T2DM, higher ROS, AGEs, glucotoxicity, and inflammation trigger endothelial cell apoptosis, which downregulates the sCAM expression as a compensatory mechanism to prevent further vascular damage. In opposition, in subjects with MetS that have not yet developed T2DM and its accompanying stressors, the upregulation of the sCAM expression is ensued.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1949415
spellingShingle Anna S. Huerta-Delgado
Daniel N. Roffe-Vazquez
Adrian M. Gonzalez-Gil
José R. Villarreal-Calderón
Oscar Tamez-Rivera
Nora A. Rodriguez-Gutierrez
Elena C. Castillo
Christian Silva-Platas
Gerardo Garcia-Rivas
Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
Journal of Diabetes Research
title Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
title_full Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
title_fullStr Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
title_short Serum Irisin Levels, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Inflammation in Pediatric Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome
title_sort serum irisin levels endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in pediatric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1949415
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