New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review
The growing number of daylighting metrics—often overlapping in scope or terminology—combined with the need for prior familiarization to interpret and apply them effectively, has created a barrier to their adoption beyond academic settings. Consequently, this study analyzes a representative set of es...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8243 |
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| author | Guillermo García-Martín Miguel Ángel Campano Ignacio Acosta Pedro Bustamante |
| author_facet | Guillermo García-Martín Miguel Ángel Campano Ignacio Acosta Pedro Bustamante |
| author_sort | Guillermo García-Martín |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The growing number of daylighting metrics—often overlapping in scope or terminology—combined with the need for prior familiarization to interpret and apply them effectively, has created a barrier to their adoption beyond academic settings. Consequently, this study analyzes a representative set of established and emerging daylighting metrics to evaluate applicability, synergies, and limitations. Particular attention is given to their implications for occupant health, well-being, performance, and energy use, especially within the context of sensorless smart control systems. A virtual room model was simulated using DaySim 3.1 in two contrasting climates—Seville and London—with varying window-to-wall ratios, orientations, and occupancy schedules. The results show that no single metric provides a comprehensive daylighting assessment, highlighting the need for combined approaches. Daylighting Autonomy (DA) proved useful for task illumination, while Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) helped identify areas prone to excessive solar exposure. Spatial metrics such as Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA) and Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE) offer an overview but lack necessary granularity. Circadian Stimulus Autonomy (CSA) appears promising for evaluating circadian entrainment, though its underlying models remain under refinement. Continuous Overcast Daylight Autonomy (DAo.con) shows the potential for sensorless lighting control when adjusted for orientation. A nuanced, multi-metric approach is therefore recommended. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-66e2a747d6bc496599eeea5650cb064b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-66e2a747d6bc496599eeea5650cb064b2025-08-20T03:36:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-07-011515824310.3390/app15158243New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical ReviewGuillermo García-Martín0Miguel Ángel Campano1Ignacio Acosta2Pedro Bustamante3Instituto Universitario de Arquitectura y Ciencias de la Construcción, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainInstituto Universitario de Arquitectura y Ciencias de la Construcción, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainInstituto Universitario de Arquitectura y Ciencias de la Construcción, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainInstituto Universitario de Arquitectura y Ciencias de la Construcción, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, SpainThe growing number of daylighting metrics—often overlapping in scope or terminology—combined with the need for prior familiarization to interpret and apply them effectively, has created a barrier to their adoption beyond academic settings. Consequently, this study analyzes a representative set of established and emerging daylighting metrics to evaluate applicability, synergies, and limitations. Particular attention is given to their implications for occupant health, well-being, performance, and energy use, especially within the context of sensorless smart control systems. A virtual room model was simulated using DaySim 3.1 in two contrasting climates—Seville and London—with varying window-to-wall ratios, orientations, and occupancy schedules. The results show that no single metric provides a comprehensive daylighting assessment, highlighting the need for combined approaches. Daylighting Autonomy (DA) proved useful for task illumination, while Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) helped identify areas prone to excessive solar exposure. Spatial metrics such as Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA) and Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE) offer an overview but lack necessary granularity. Circadian Stimulus Autonomy (CSA) appears promising for evaluating circadian entrainment, though its underlying models remain under refinement. Continuous Overcast Daylight Autonomy (DAo.con) shows the potential for sensorless lighting control when adjusted for orientation. A nuanced, multi-metric approach is therefore recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8243daylight metricsustainable building designlighting control systemsCircadian Stimulus Autonomyhealthy architecture |
| spellingShingle | Guillermo García-Martín Miguel Ángel Campano Ignacio Acosta Pedro Bustamante New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review Applied Sciences daylight metric sustainable building design lighting control systems Circadian Stimulus Autonomy healthy architecture |
| title | New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review |
| title_full | New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review |
| title_fullStr | New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review |
| title_short | New Approaches in Dynamic Metrics for Lighting Control Systems: A Critical Review |
| title_sort | new approaches in dynamic metrics for lighting control systems a critical review |
| topic | daylight metric sustainable building design lighting control systems Circadian Stimulus Autonomy healthy architecture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/15/8243 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT guillermogarciamartin newapproachesindynamicmetricsforlightingcontrolsystemsacriticalreview AT miguelangelcampano newapproachesindynamicmetricsforlightingcontrolsystemsacriticalreview AT ignacioacosta newapproachesindynamicmetricsforlightingcontrolsystemsacriticalreview AT pedrobustamante newapproachesindynamicmetricsforlightingcontrolsystemsacriticalreview |