Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet
The prompt gamma rays of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may originate from the photosphere of a relativistic jet. However, only a few GRBs have been observed with evident blackbody-like emission, for example, GRB 090902B. It has been demonstrated that internal dissipation processes, such as magnetic reconn...
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| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adf21e |
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| author | Guo-Yu Li Da-Bin Lin Zhi-Lin Chen En-Wei Liang |
| author_facet | Guo-Yu Li Da-Bin Lin Zhi-Lin Chen En-Wei Liang |
| author_sort | Guo-Yu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The prompt gamma rays of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may originate from the photosphere of a relativistic jet. However, only a few GRBs have been observed with evident blackbody-like emission, for example, GRB 090902B. It has been demonstrated that internal dissipation processes, such as magnetic reconnection, can occur within the relativistic jet and thereby drive violent turbulence in the dissipation region. In this paper, we study the photospheric emission of a jet with turbulence below its photosphere. Here, the turbulence is modeled phenomenologically under the assumption that the four-velocity of its eddies follows a Gaussian distribution in the jet’s comoving frame. It is found that the turbulence scatters photons to high energies and thus intensifies the emission in the high-energy regime. The corresponding distortion of the radiation field can be preserved if and only if the turbulence occurs in a region with incomplete photon–electron coupling. Consequently, the observed radiation spectrum can be reshaped into a Band-like spectrum. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-66d2aec5b2f54780ada8e55fbceda76b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-66d2aec5b2f54780ada8e55fbceda76b2025-08-20T02:58:11ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01989214510.3847/1538-4357/adf21eRadiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic JetGuo-Yu Li0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6727-7798Da-Bin Lin1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-293XZhi-Lin Chen2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0926-5406En-Wei Liang3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7044-733XGuangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People’s Republic of China ; lindabin@gxu.edu.cnGuangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People’s Republic of China ; lindabin@gxu.edu.cnGuangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People’s Republic of China ; lindabin@gxu.edu.cnGuangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People’s Republic of China ; lindabin@gxu.edu.cnThe prompt gamma rays of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may originate from the photosphere of a relativistic jet. However, only a few GRBs have been observed with evident blackbody-like emission, for example, GRB 090902B. It has been demonstrated that internal dissipation processes, such as magnetic reconnection, can occur within the relativistic jet and thereby drive violent turbulence in the dissipation region. In this paper, we study the photospheric emission of a jet with turbulence below its photosphere. Here, the turbulence is modeled phenomenologically under the assumption that the four-velocity of its eddies follows a Gaussian distribution in the jet’s comoving frame. It is found that the turbulence scatters photons to high energies and thus intensifies the emission in the high-energy regime. The corresponding distortion of the radiation field can be preserved if and only if the turbulence occurs in a region with incomplete photon–electron coupling. Consequently, the observed radiation spectrum can be reshaped into a Band-like spectrum.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adf21eGamma-ray burstsHigh energy astrophysics |
| spellingShingle | Guo-Yu Li Da-Bin Lin Zhi-Lin Chen En-Wei Liang Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet The Astrophysical Journal Gamma-ray bursts High energy astrophysics |
| title | Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet |
| title_full | Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet |
| title_fullStr | Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet |
| title_short | Radiation Spectrum of the Photospheric Emission for a Turbulent Relativistic Jet |
| title_sort | radiation spectrum of the photospheric emission for a turbulent relativistic jet |
| topic | Gamma-ray bursts High energy astrophysics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adf21e |
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