First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors
Abstract This work aims to determine the chemical composition of E. arborescens leaves for the first time, screening and quantifying various phytochemical compounds. The chemical composition revealed high levels of valuable nutrients, mainly ash (19.32%), which increases its nutritional value and of...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96266-2 |
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| author | Torchi Ayda Ghamgui Hanen Noumi Zouhaier Cherif Slim |
| author_facet | Torchi Ayda Ghamgui Hanen Noumi Zouhaier Cherif Slim |
| author_sort | Torchi Ayda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This work aims to determine the chemical composition of E. arborescens leaves for the first time, screening and quantifying various phytochemical compounds. The chemical composition revealed high levels of valuable nutrients, mainly ash (19.32%), which increases its nutritional value and offers health benefits. The phytochemical screening identified numerous secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and flavonoids. Quantification of photosynthetic pigments showed that chlorophyll a is dominant in the leaves. In addition, the methanolic extract of the leaves has inhibitory activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic leaf extract showed an IC50 of 0.04 mg/mL and an EC0.5 of 0.06 mg/mL for antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH scavenging assay and iron reducing power respectively. The methanolic extract showed significantly higher reducing power than the aqueous extract. Both methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner with statistically significant differences in their IC50 values. Furthermore, the methanolic extract was as effective as acarbose in inhibiting porcine α-amylase with an IC50 of 0.06 mg/mL. It also showed dose-dependent inhibition of pancreatic lipase, with an IC50 of 0.92 mg/mL. Although the IC50 values were not statistically different, both aqueous and methanolic extracts also contained protease inhibitors. Therefore, these results suggest that E. arborescens leaf extracts may be useful for future drug applications, and further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms of enzyme inhibition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-66cfc12905814d3dbeb38bdb9c09ed36 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-66cfc12905814d3dbeb38bdb9c09ed362025-08-20T03:46:04ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111610.1038/s41598-025-96266-2First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitorsTorchi Ayda0Ghamgui Hanen1Noumi Zouhaier2Cherif Slim3Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of SfaxLaboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of SfaxFaculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of SfaxLaboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of SfaxAbstract This work aims to determine the chemical composition of E. arborescens leaves for the first time, screening and quantifying various phytochemical compounds. The chemical composition revealed high levels of valuable nutrients, mainly ash (19.32%), which increases its nutritional value and offers health benefits. The phytochemical screening identified numerous secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and flavonoids. Quantification of photosynthetic pigments showed that chlorophyll a is dominant in the leaves. In addition, the methanolic extract of the leaves has inhibitory activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanolic leaf extract showed an IC50 of 0.04 mg/mL and an EC0.5 of 0.06 mg/mL for antioxidant activity as assessed by DPPH scavenging assay and iron reducing power respectively. The methanolic extract showed significantly higher reducing power than the aqueous extract. Both methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner with statistically significant differences in their IC50 values. Furthermore, the methanolic extract was as effective as acarbose in inhibiting porcine α-amylase with an IC50 of 0.06 mg/mL. It also showed dose-dependent inhibition of pancreatic lipase, with an IC50 of 0.92 mg/mL. Although the IC50 values were not statistically different, both aqueous and methanolic extracts also contained protease inhibitors. Therefore, these results suggest that E. arborescens leaf extracts may be useful for future drug applications, and further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms of enzyme inhibition.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96266-2Erodium arborescens leavesChemical compositionPhytochemical screeningAnd biological activities |
| spellingShingle | Torchi Ayda Ghamgui Hanen Noumi Zouhaier Cherif Slim First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors Scientific Reports Erodium arborescens leaves Chemical composition Phytochemical screening And biological activities |
| title | First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors |
| title_full | First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors |
| title_fullStr | First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors |
| title_full_unstemmed | First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors |
| title_short | First comprehensive compositional analysis of E. arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors |
| title_sort | first comprehensive compositional analysis of e arborescens leaves with new insights into their potential as enzyme inhibitors |
| topic | Erodium arborescens leaves Chemical composition Phytochemical screening And biological activities |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96266-2 |
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