IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro

Due to the existence of viral reservoirs, the rebound of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia can occur within weeks after discontinuing combined antiretroviral therapy. Immunotherapy could potentially be applied to eradicate reactivated HIV-1 in latently infected CD4+ T lymphocytes....

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Main Authors: Kang Wu, Shaoying Zhang, Xu Zhang, Xinghua Li, Zhongsi Hong, Fei Yu, Bingfeng Liu, Ting Pan, Zhaofeng Huang, Xiao-ping Tang, Weiping Cai, Jinyu Xia, Xuefeng Li, Hui Zhang, Yiwen Zhang, Linghua Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-01-01
Series:Journal of Immunology Research
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1801560
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author Kang Wu
Shaoying Zhang
Xu Zhang
Xinghua Li
Zhongsi Hong
Fei Yu
Bingfeng Liu
Ting Pan
Zhaofeng Huang
Xiao-ping Tang
Weiping Cai
Jinyu Xia
Xuefeng Li
Hui Zhang
Yiwen Zhang
Linghua Li
author_facet Kang Wu
Shaoying Zhang
Xu Zhang
Xinghua Li
Zhongsi Hong
Fei Yu
Bingfeng Liu
Ting Pan
Zhaofeng Huang
Xiao-ping Tang
Weiping Cai
Jinyu Xia
Xuefeng Li
Hui Zhang
Yiwen Zhang
Linghua Li
author_sort Kang Wu
collection DOAJ
description Due to the existence of viral reservoirs, the rebound of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia can occur within weeks after discontinuing combined antiretroviral therapy. Immunotherapy could potentially be applied to eradicate reactivated HIV-1 in latently infected CD4+ T lymphocytes. Although the existence of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T memory stem cells (TSCMs) is well established, there are currently no reports regarding methods using CD8+ TSCMs to treat HIV-1 infection. In this study, we quantified peripheral blood antigen-specific CD8+ TSCMs and then expanded HIV-1-specific TSCMs that targeted optimal antigen epitopes (SL9, IL9, and TL9) in the presence of interleukin- (IL-) 21 or IL-15. The suppressive capacity of the expanded CD8+ TSCMs on HIV-1 production was measured by assessing cell-associated viral RNA and performing viral outgrowth assays. We found that the number of unmutated TL9-specific CD8+ TSCMs positively correlated with the abundance of CD4+ T cells and that the expression of IFN-γ was higher in TL9-specific CD8+ TSCMs than that in non-TL9-specific CD8+ TSCMs. Moreover, the antiviral capacities of IL-21-stimulated CD8+ TSCMs exceeded those of conventional CD8+ memory T cells and IL-15-stimulated CD8+ TSCMs. Thus, we demonstrated that IL-21 could efficiently expand HIV-1-specific CD8+ TSCMs to suppress HIV-1 replication. Our study provides new insight into the function of IL-21 in the in vitro suppression of HIV-1 replication.
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spelling doaj-art-66acd360ae7f483a9e4d1e7ef8b7106b2025-08-20T02:23:41ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562019-01-01201910.1155/2019/18015601801560IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In VitroKang Wu0Shaoying Zhang1Xu Zhang2Xinghua Li3Zhongsi Hong4Fei Yu5Bingfeng Liu6Ting Pan7Zhaofeng Huang8Xiao-ping Tang9Weiping Cai10Jinyu Xia11Xuefeng Li12Hui Zhang13Yiwen Zhang14Linghua Li15Institute of Human Virology, ChinaNational-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis & Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaInstitute of Human Virology, ChinaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510060, ChinaDue to the existence of viral reservoirs, the rebound of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia can occur within weeks after discontinuing combined antiretroviral therapy. Immunotherapy could potentially be applied to eradicate reactivated HIV-1 in latently infected CD4+ T lymphocytes. Although the existence of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T memory stem cells (TSCMs) is well established, there are currently no reports regarding methods using CD8+ TSCMs to treat HIV-1 infection. In this study, we quantified peripheral blood antigen-specific CD8+ TSCMs and then expanded HIV-1-specific TSCMs that targeted optimal antigen epitopes (SL9, IL9, and TL9) in the presence of interleukin- (IL-) 21 or IL-15. The suppressive capacity of the expanded CD8+ TSCMs on HIV-1 production was measured by assessing cell-associated viral RNA and performing viral outgrowth assays. We found that the number of unmutated TL9-specific CD8+ TSCMs positively correlated with the abundance of CD4+ T cells and that the expression of IFN-γ was higher in TL9-specific CD8+ TSCMs than that in non-TL9-specific CD8+ TSCMs. Moreover, the antiviral capacities of IL-21-stimulated CD8+ TSCMs exceeded those of conventional CD8+ memory T cells and IL-15-stimulated CD8+ TSCMs. Thus, we demonstrated that IL-21 could efficiently expand HIV-1-specific CD8+ TSCMs to suppress HIV-1 replication. Our study provides new insight into the function of IL-21 in the in vitro suppression of HIV-1 replication.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1801560
spellingShingle Kang Wu
Shaoying Zhang
Xu Zhang
Xinghua Li
Zhongsi Hong
Fei Yu
Bingfeng Liu
Ting Pan
Zhaofeng Huang
Xiao-ping Tang
Weiping Cai
Jinyu Xia
Xuefeng Li
Hui Zhang
Yiwen Zhang
Linghua Li
IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro
Journal of Immunology Research
title IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro
title_full IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro
title_fullStr IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro
title_full_unstemmed IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro
title_short IL-21 Expands HIV-1-Specific CD8+ T Memory Stem Cells to Suppress HIV-1 Replication In Vitro
title_sort il 21 expands hiv 1 specific cd8 t memory stem cells to suppress hiv 1 replication in vitro
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1801560
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