‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history

How has the European Union been integrated in the past? Legal academics have traditionally pointed to the Court of Justice and to the broader idea of an ‘integration-through-law’. Through its supranational jurisprudence, the Court – not the EU legislature – was thus placed at the centre of the Europ...

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Main Author: Robert Schütze
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Cambridge University Press 2025-06-01
Series:European Law Open
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Online Access:https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2752613525000153/type/journal_article
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author Robert Schütze
author_facet Robert Schütze
author_sort Robert Schütze
collection DOAJ
description How has the European Union been integrated in the past? Legal academics have traditionally pointed to the Court of Justice and to the broader idea of an ‘integration-through-law’. Through its supranational jurisprudence, the Court – not the EU legislature – was thus placed at the centre of the European integration project. The underlying reasons for this dominance of constitutional ‘law’ over legislative ‘politics’ have thereby been the subject of three famous explanations: the ‘equilibrium theory’ (Weiler), the ‘asymmetry theory’ (Scharpf) and the ‘over-constitutionalisation theory’ (Grimm). What are the merits of these grand theories of European integration when measured against the historical record? This article hopes to explore this question in the context of the internal market. Its historical revision begins with an analysis of the respective spheres of normative and decisional supranationalism during and after a foundational period (Sections 2 and 3). This is followed by an examination of the meaning and significance of the Cassis de Dijon judgment in the late 1970s. Through this revolutionary case, a dialectical relationship between the EU Court (‘law’) and the EU legislator (‘politics’) emerges (Section 4) that ultimately leads to the spectacular rise of EU legislation (Section 5) after the SEA. This transformational relationship will provide the critical lens for a historical revaluation of the three grand theories of legal integration (Section 6).
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spelling doaj-art-66863906bb074e518bf36a1e69f568e72025-08-20T09:23:28ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Law Open2752-61352025-06-01416220010.1017/elo.2025.15‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist historyRobert Schütze0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4374-9156Durham University, Durham, UK Luiss Guido Carli, Rome, ItalyHow has the European Union been integrated in the past? Legal academics have traditionally pointed to the Court of Justice and to the broader idea of an ‘integration-through-law’. Through its supranational jurisprudence, the Court – not the EU legislature – was thus placed at the centre of the European integration project. The underlying reasons for this dominance of constitutional ‘law’ over legislative ‘politics’ have thereby been the subject of three famous explanations: the ‘equilibrium theory’ (Weiler), the ‘asymmetry theory’ (Scharpf) and the ‘over-constitutionalisation theory’ (Grimm). What are the merits of these grand theories of European integration when measured against the historical record? This article hopes to explore this question in the context of the internal market. Its historical revision begins with an analysis of the respective spheres of normative and decisional supranationalism during and after a foundational period (Sections 2 and 3). This is followed by an examination of the meaning and significance of the Cassis de Dijon judgment in the late 1970s. Through this revolutionary case, a dialectical relationship between the EU Court (‘law’) and the EU legislator (‘politics’) emerges (Section 4) that ultimately leads to the spectacular rise of EU legislation (Section 5) after the SEA. This transformational relationship will provide the critical lens for a historical revaluation of the three grand theories of legal integration (Section 6).https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2752613525000153/type/journal_articleIntegration-through-lawequilibrium theoryasymmetry theoryover-constitutionalisation theoryCassis de Dijon
spellingShingle Robert Schütze
‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history
European Law Open
Integration-through-law
equilibrium theory
asymmetry theory
over-constitutionalisation theory
Cassis de Dijon
title ‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history
title_full ‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history
title_fullStr ‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history
title_full_unstemmed ‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history
title_short ‘Integration-through-Law’: grand theory, revisionist history
title_sort integration through law grand theory revisionist history
topic Integration-through-law
equilibrium theory
asymmetry theory
over-constitutionalisation theory
Cassis de Dijon
url https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2752613525000153/type/journal_article
work_keys_str_mv AT robertschutze integrationthroughlawgrandtheoryrevisionisthistory