Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults

Background Different multimorbidity patterns present with different prognoses, but it is unknown to what extent they may influence the effectiveness of an individualized multicomponent exercise program offered to hospitalized older adults. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized c...

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Main Authors: Nicolas Martínez-Velilla MD, PhD, Arkaitz Galbete PhD, Albert Roso-Llorach MSc, Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi PhD, Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu PhD, Mikel Izquierdo PhD, Davide L Vetrano MD, PhD, Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga MPH PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2022-12-01
Series:Journal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/26335565221145461
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author Nicolas Martínez-Velilla MD, PhD
Arkaitz Galbete PhD
Albert Roso-Llorach MSc
Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi PhD
Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu PhD
Mikel Izquierdo PhD
Davide L Vetrano MD, PhD
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga MPH PhD
author_facet Nicolas Martínez-Velilla MD, PhD
Arkaitz Galbete PhD
Albert Roso-Llorach MSc
Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi PhD
Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu PhD
Mikel Izquierdo PhD
Davide L Vetrano MD, PhD
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga MPH PhD
author_sort Nicolas Martínez-Velilla MD, PhD
collection DOAJ
description Background Different multimorbidity patterns present with different prognoses, but it is unknown to what extent they may influence the effectiveness of an individualized multicomponent exercise program offered to hospitalized older adults. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Geriatric Medicine of a tertiary hospital. In addition to the standard care, an exercise-training multicomponent program was delivered to the intervention group during the acute hospitalization period. Multimorbidity patterns were determined through fuzzy c-means cluster analysis, over 38 chronic diseases. Functional, cognitive and affective outcomes were considered. Results Three hundred and six patients were included in the analyses (154 control; 152 intervention), with a mean age of 87.2 years, and 58.5% being female. Four patterns of multimorbidity were identified: heart valves and prostate diseases (26.8%); metabolic diseases and colitis (20.6%); psychiatric, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases (16%); and an unspecific pattern (36.6%). The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test improved across all patterns, but the intervention was most effective for patients in the metabolic/colitis pattern (2.48-point difference between intervention/control groups, 95% CI 1.60-3.35). Regarding the Barthel Index and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the differences were significant for all multimorbidity patterns, except for the psychiatric/cardio/autoimmune pattern. Differences concerning quality of life were especially high for the p sychiatric/cardio/autoimmune pattern (16.9-point difference between intervention/control groups, 95% CI 4.04, 29.7). Conclusions Patients in all the analyzed multimorbidity patterns improved with this tailored program, but the improvement was highest for those in the metabolic pattern. Understanding how different chronic disease combinations are associated with specific functional and cognitive responses to a multicomponent exercise intervention may allow further tailoring such interventions to older patients’ clinical profile.
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spelling doaj-art-666f8697805a45d5b31b4e0f061e052e2025-08-20T02:33:31ZengSAGE PublishingJournal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity2633-55652022-12-011210.1177/26335565221145461Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adultsNicolas Martínez-Velilla MD, PhDArkaitz Galbete PhDAlbert Roso-Llorach MScFabricio Zambom-Ferraresi PhDMikel L Sáez de Asteasu PhDMikel Izquierdo PhDDavide L Vetrano MD, PhDAmaia Calderón-Larrañaga MPH PhDBackground Different multimorbidity patterns present with different prognoses, but it is unknown to what extent they may influence the effectiveness of an individualized multicomponent exercise program offered to hospitalized older adults. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Geriatric Medicine of a tertiary hospital. In addition to the standard care, an exercise-training multicomponent program was delivered to the intervention group during the acute hospitalization period. Multimorbidity patterns were determined through fuzzy c-means cluster analysis, over 38 chronic diseases. Functional, cognitive and affective outcomes were considered. Results Three hundred and six patients were included in the analyses (154 control; 152 intervention), with a mean age of 87.2 years, and 58.5% being female. Four patterns of multimorbidity were identified: heart valves and prostate diseases (26.8%); metabolic diseases and colitis (20.6%); psychiatric, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases (16%); and an unspecific pattern (36.6%). The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test improved across all patterns, but the intervention was most effective for patients in the metabolic/colitis pattern (2.48-point difference between intervention/control groups, 95% CI 1.60-3.35). Regarding the Barthel Index and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the differences were significant for all multimorbidity patterns, except for the psychiatric/cardio/autoimmune pattern. Differences concerning quality of life were especially high for the p sychiatric/cardio/autoimmune pattern (16.9-point difference between intervention/control groups, 95% CI 4.04, 29.7). Conclusions Patients in all the analyzed multimorbidity patterns improved with this tailored program, but the improvement was highest for those in the metabolic pattern. Understanding how different chronic disease combinations are associated with specific functional and cognitive responses to a multicomponent exercise intervention may allow further tailoring such interventions to older patients’ clinical profile.https://doi.org/10.1177/26335565221145461
spellingShingle Nicolas Martínez-Velilla MD, PhD
Arkaitz Galbete PhD
Albert Roso-Llorach MSc
Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi PhD
Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu PhD
Mikel Izquierdo PhD
Davide L Vetrano MD, PhD
Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga MPH PhD
Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
Journal of Multimorbidity and Comorbidity
title Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
title_full Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
title_fullStr Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
title_full_unstemmed Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
title_short Specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
title_sort specific multimorbidity patterns modify the impact of an exercise intervention in older hospitalized adults
url https://doi.org/10.1177/26335565221145461
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