Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles

This study was designed to obtain the maximum extraction yield of peanut shell (PS) polyphenols using a novel carbon dioxide nanobubbles (CO2-NBs) assisted ultrasonic extraction method. CO2-NBs were generated in distilled water with a self-developed high-pressure nano-jet homogenization method and c...

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Main Authors: Nayyar Iqbal, Miral Javed, Ramy M. Khoder, Areej Areej, Renyu Zheng, Shanbai Xiong, Ibrahim Khalifa, Hassan Barakat, Youming Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417724004474
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author Nayyar Iqbal
Miral Javed
Ramy M. Khoder
Areej Areej
Renyu Zheng
Shanbai Xiong
Ibrahim Khalifa
Hassan Barakat
Youming Liu
author_facet Nayyar Iqbal
Miral Javed
Ramy M. Khoder
Areej Areej
Renyu Zheng
Shanbai Xiong
Ibrahim Khalifa
Hassan Barakat
Youming Liu
author_sort Nayyar Iqbal
collection DOAJ
description This study was designed to obtain the maximum extraction yield of peanut shell (PS) polyphenols using a novel carbon dioxide nanobubbles (CO2-NBs) assisted ultrasonic extraction method. CO2-NBs were generated in distilled water with a self-developed high-pressure nano-jet homogenization method and characterized by size, zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained nanobubble’s mean size and zeta potential were 229.96 ± 17.44 nm and −15.9 ± 1.27 mV, respectively. Later, these CO2-NBs, combined with ultrasonic method, were used for the extraction of polyphenols, achieving the highest polyphenol content (3619.21 ± 113.07 µg GAE/mL) as compared to ultrasonic extraction (2914.69 ± 145.45 µg GAE/mL) and conventional extraction (2340.11 ± 80.02 µg GAE/mL). Response surface methodology (RSM) provided optimization parameters, including ultrasonic power of 358.76 W, surfactant concentration of 4.54 %, and extraction time of 41.41 min. HPLC analysis identified distinct peaks corresponding to polyphenolic compounds such as gallo-catechin, catechin gallate, resveratrol, and luteolin, confirming their presence and concentrations in the peanut shell extract (PSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant structural disruption and increased porosity in peanut shell powder, supporting the enhanced extraction of polyphenols through CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonic extraction process. This research establishes theoretical and practical foundation for generation of CO2-NBs and CO2-NBs ultrasonic extraction technology to efficiently extract polyphenols from waste PS, thereby enhancing the extraction efficiency of valuable compounds for use in functional food products and promoting sustainable practices in food industry.
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spelling doaj-art-664543cf7bee4519932a306e974bfac02025-08-20T02:40:15ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772025-01-0111210719810.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107198Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubblesNayyar Iqbal0Miral Javed1Ramy M. Khoder2Areej Areej3Renyu Zheng4Shanbai Xiong5Ibrahim Khalifa6Hassan Barakat7Youming Liu8College of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR. ChinaZhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR. ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR. ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR. ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR. ChinaSchool of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; Food Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, EgyptDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Food Science and Technology/National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR. China; Corresponding author.This study was designed to obtain the maximum extraction yield of peanut shell (PS) polyphenols using a novel carbon dioxide nanobubbles (CO2-NBs) assisted ultrasonic extraction method. CO2-NBs were generated in distilled water with a self-developed high-pressure nano-jet homogenization method and characterized by size, zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The obtained nanobubble’s mean size and zeta potential were 229.96 ± 17.44 nm and −15.9 ± 1.27 mV, respectively. Later, these CO2-NBs, combined with ultrasonic method, were used for the extraction of polyphenols, achieving the highest polyphenol content (3619.21 ± 113.07 µg GAE/mL) as compared to ultrasonic extraction (2914.69 ± 145.45 µg GAE/mL) and conventional extraction (2340.11 ± 80.02 µg GAE/mL). Response surface methodology (RSM) provided optimization parameters, including ultrasonic power of 358.76 W, surfactant concentration of 4.54 %, and extraction time of 41.41 min. HPLC analysis identified distinct peaks corresponding to polyphenolic compounds such as gallo-catechin, catechin gallate, resveratrol, and luteolin, confirming their presence and concentrations in the peanut shell extract (PSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed significant structural disruption and increased porosity in peanut shell powder, supporting the enhanced extraction of polyphenols through CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonic extraction process. This research establishes theoretical and practical foundation for generation of CO2-NBs and CO2-NBs ultrasonic extraction technology to efficiently extract polyphenols from waste PS, thereby enhancing the extraction efficiency of valuable compounds for use in functional food products and promoting sustainable practices in food industry.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417724004474Peanut shellPolyphenolsCO2-NanobubblesUltrasonic extractionHPLCSEM
spellingShingle Nayyar Iqbal
Miral Javed
Ramy M. Khoder
Areej Areej
Renyu Zheng
Shanbai Xiong
Ibrahim Khalifa
Hassan Barakat
Youming Liu
Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry
Peanut shell
Polyphenols
CO2-Nanobubbles
Ultrasonic extraction
HPLC
SEM
title Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles
title_full Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles
title_fullStr Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles
title_full_unstemmed Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles
title_short Innovative CO2-NBs-assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut (Arachis hypoga) shells: Synthesis and characterization of CO2-nanobubbles
title_sort innovative co2 nbs assisted ultrasonication for the phytochemical extraction of peanut arachis hypoga shells synthesis and characterization of co2 nanobubbles
topic Peanut shell
Polyphenols
CO2-Nanobubbles
Ultrasonic extraction
HPLC
SEM
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417724004474
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