Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study

Background To evaluate retinal microvascular density in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with no clinically evident retinal vascular changes and to correlate the results to disease severity and duration parameters. Patients and methods This case–control study included 21 SSc patients and 21 he...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yomna A. Alahmadawy, Shaimaa Arfeen, Mervat Eissa, Sally S. Mohamed, Nermeen Bahgat, Rana A. Abdelfattah
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society
Subjects:
Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ejos.ejos_61_24
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850186405241683968
author Yomna A. Alahmadawy
Shaimaa Arfeen
Mervat Eissa
Sally S. Mohamed
Nermeen Bahgat
Rana A. Abdelfattah
author_facet Yomna A. Alahmadawy
Shaimaa Arfeen
Mervat Eissa
Sally S. Mohamed
Nermeen Bahgat
Rana A. Abdelfattah
author_sort Yomna A. Alahmadawy
collection DOAJ
description Background To evaluate retinal microvascular density in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with no clinically evident retinal vascular changes and to correlate the results to disease severity and duration parameters. Patients and methods This case–control study included 21 SSc patients and 21 healthy controls. Patients were classified according to disease type as diffuse or localized. Vessel density data of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Results The superficial foveal vessel density was significantly lower in the SSc group (P<0.001). The average parafoveal vessel densities in the SCP in the upper, lower, and temporal quadrants of the study group were significantly lower than those of the controls (P<0.001, P=0.004, and P<0.001, respectively). Regarding the vessel density in the perifoveal area of the SCP, it was only significantly different in the lower quadrant (P<0.001). The foveal vessel density of the SSc group in the DCP was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). The average parafoveal vessel densities of the DCP in the upper, lower, nasal, and temporal quadrants were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (P<0.001). The average upper, lower, nasal, and temporal fields in the perifoveal area of the DCP were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion SSc patients show significant retinal microvascular changes without any clinical signs of retinopathy. These microvascular changes correlate significantly with the severity and partly with duration of the disease. Optical coherence tomography angiography could be used as a valuable objective biomarker for the assessment of microvascular effects in SSc patients.
format Article
id doaj-art-65e54eb79e7d4f2f9b0d259439671c35
institution OA Journals
issn 2090-0686
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
record_format Article
series Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society
spelling doaj-art-65e54eb79e7d4f2f9b0d259439671c352025-08-20T02:16:21ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society2090-06862025-04-0111829810710.4103/ejos.ejos_61_24Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control studyYomna A. AlahmadawyShaimaa ArfeenMervat EissaSally S. MohamedNermeen BahgatRana A. AbdelfattahBackground To evaluate retinal microvascular density in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) with no clinically evident retinal vascular changes and to correlate the results to disease severity and duration parameters. Patients and methods This case–control study included 21 SSc patients and 21 healthy controls. Patients were classified according to disease type as diffuse or localized. Vessel density data of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Results The superficial foveal vessel density was significantly lower in the SSc group (P<0.001). The average parafoveal vessel densities in the SCP in the upper, lower, and temporal quadrants of the study group were significantly lower than those of the controls (P<0.001, P=0.004, and P<0.001, respectively). Regarding the vessel density in the perifoveal area of the SCP, it was only significantly different in the lower quadrant (P<0.001). The foveal vessel density of the SSc group in the DCP was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). The average parafoveal vessel densities of the DCP in the upper, lower, nasal, and temporal quadrants were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (P<0.001). The average upper, lower, nasal, and temporal fields in the perifoveal area of the DCP were significantly lower in the SSc group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion SSc patients show significant retinal microvascular changes without any clinical signs of retinopathy. These microvascular changes correlate significantly with the severity and partly with duration of the disease. Optical coherence tomography angiography could be used as a valuable objective biomarker for the assessment of microvascular effects in SSc patients.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ejos.ejos_61_24nail capillaroscopyretinal microvasculaturesystemic sclerosis
spellingShingle Yomna A. Alahmadawy
Shaimaa Arfeen
Mervat Eissa
Sally S. Mohamed
Nermeen Bahgat
Rana A. Abdelfattah
Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study
Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society
nail capillaroscopy
retinal microvasculature
systemic sclerosis
title Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study
title_full Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study
title_fullStr Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study
title_short Assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography: a case–control study
title_sort assessment of retinal microvascular changes in systemic sclerosis using optical coherence tomography angiography a case control study
topic nail capillaroscopy
retinal microvasculature
systemic sclerosis
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ejos.ejos_61_24
work_keys_str_mv AT yomnaaalahmadawy assessmentofretinalmicrovascularchangesinsystemicsclerosisusingopticalcoherencetomographyangiographyacasecontrolstudy
AT shaimaaarfeen assessmentofretinalmicrovascularchangesinsystemicsclerosisusingopticalcoherencetomographyangiographyacasecontrolstudy
AT mervateissa assessmentofretinalmicrovascularchangesinsystemicsclerosisusingopticalcoherencetomographyangiographyacasecontrolstudy
AT sallysmohamed assessmentofretinalmicrovascularchangesinsystemicsclerosisusingopticalcoherencetomographyangiographyacasecontrolstudy
AT nermeenbahgat assessmentofretinalmicrovascularchangesinsystemicsclerosisusingopticalcoherencetomographyangiographyacasecontrolstudy
AT ranaaabdelfattah assessmentofretinalmicrovascularchangesinsystemicsclerosisusingopticalcoherencetomographyangiographyacasecontrolstudy