Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication

Abstract Parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) is an introduced, noninvasive amphibious plant found in coastal provinces, but it has the potential to become an invasive species in China. The plant is heterophyllous, with both emergent (aerial) and submerged (aquatic) leaves, and has two distinct r...

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Main Authors: Xiaolong Huang, Yu Zhao, Hai Xu, Chunyu Yin, Ruijie Shen, Baohua Guan, Zhigang Mao, Hu He, Jinlei Yu, Kuanyi Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-12-01
Series:Ecosphere
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70130
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author Xiaolong Huang
Yu Zhao
Hai Xu
Chunyu Yin
Ruijie Shen
Baohua Guan
Zhigang Mao
Hu He
Jinlei Yu
Kuanyi Li
author_facet Xiaolong Huang
Yu Zhao
Hai Xu
Chunyu Yin
Ruijie Shen
Baohua Guan
Zhigang Mao
Hu He
Jinlei Yu
Kuanyi Li
author_sort Xiaolong Huang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) is an introduced, noninvasive amphibious plant found in coastal provinces, but it has the potential to become an invasive species in China. The plant is heterophyllous, with both emergent (aerial) and submerged (aquatic) leaves, and has two distinct root types: aquatic (adventitious) and edaphic (sediment) root systems. This morphological plasticity allows M. aquaticum to effectively absorb nutrients from different layers of the environment, making it a suitable model plant for exploring nutrient dynamics in both water and soil systems and investigating how wetland plants respond to cultural eutrophication. We designed an outdoor mesocosm experiment to assess plant growth traits and root topological indices in response to different nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations. The results indicated that the plant has a high tolerance to N loading. In contrast, the P content had greater impacts than the N content on plant growth and root topological indices, indicating that the P content was the main influencing factor affecting and suppressing the development of M. aquaticum. The aquatic or edaphic root branching did not change, but the aquatic root topology of M. aquaticum exhibited similar stable trends with increasing P concentration, indicating typical herringbone branching; additionally, its edaphic roots exhibited decreasing topological indices, indicating more typical dichotomous branching with increasing P concentration. The plant has a high tolerance to N, and it may become invasive following the current trend of increasing cultural eutrophication.
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publishDate 2024-12-01
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spelling doaj-art-65d3c81d2bde4d8a813aba3d5015adb52025-01-27T14:51:33ZengWileyEcosphere2150-89252024-12-011512n/an/a10.1002/ecs2.70130Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophicationXiaolong Huang0Yu Zhao1Hai Xu2Chunyu Yin3Ruijie Shen4Baohua Guan5Zhigang Mao6Hu He7Jinlei Yu8Kuanyi Li9Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaShanghai Jian Qiao University Co., Ltd. Shanghai People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing People's Republic of ChinaAbstract Parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) is an introduced, noninvasive amphibious plant found in coastal provinces, but it has the potential to become an invasive species in China. The plant is heterophyllous, with both emergent (aerial) and submerged (aquatic) leaves, and has two distinct root types: aquatic (adventitious) and edaphic (sediment) root systems. This morphological plasticity allows M. aquaticum to effectively absorb nutrients from different layers of the environment, making it a suitable model plant for exploring nutrient dynamics in both water and soil systems and investigating how wetland plants respond to cultural eutrophication. We designed an outdoor mesocosm experiment to assess plant growth traits and root topological indices in response to different nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations. The results indicated that the plant has a high tolerance to N loading. In contrast, the P content had greater impacts than the N content on plant growth and root topological indices, indicating that the P content was the main influencing factor affecting and suppressing the development of M. aquaticum. The aquatic or edaphic root branching did not change, but the aquatic root topology of M. aquaticum exhibited similar stable trends with increasing P concentration, indicating typical herringbone branching; additionally, its edaphic roots exhibited decreasing topological indices, indicating more typical dichotomous branching with increasing P concentration. The plant has a high tolerance to N, and it may become invasive following the current trend of increasing cultural eutrophication.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70130freshwater ecosystemsheterophyllyintroduced plant managementroot topologywetland plants
spellingShingle Xiaolong Huang
Yu Zhao
Hai Xu
Chunyu Yin
Ruijie Shen
Baohua Guan
Zhigang Mao
Hu He
Jinlei Yu
Kuanyi Li
Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
Ecosphere
freshwater ecosystems
heterophylly
introduced plant management
root topology
wetland plants
title Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
title_full Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
title_fullStr Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
title_full_unstemmed Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
title_short Biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
title_sort biomass allocation and root topology alteration of an introduced amphibious plant in response to cultural eutrophication
topic freshwater ecosystems
heterophylly
introduced plant management
root topology
wetland plants
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.70130
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