Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad
In Subsaharan Africa, tsetse flies (genus Glossina) are vectors of trypanosomes causing Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT). Some foci of HAT persist in Southern Chad, where a program of tsetse control was started against the local vector Glossina fuscipes fus...
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Peer Community In
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Peer Community Journal |
| Online Access: | https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.257/ |
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| author | Ravel, Sophie Mahamat, Mahamat Hissène Ségard, Adeline Argilés-Herrero, Rafael Bouyer, Jérémy Rayaisse, Jean-Baptiste Solano, Philippe Guihini Mollo, Brahim Pèka, Mallaye Darnas, Justin Belem, Adrien Marie Gaston Yoni, Wilfrid Noûs, Camille De Meeûs, Thierry |
| author_facet | Ravel, Sophie Mahamat, Mahamat Hissène Ségard, Adeline Argilés-Herrero, Rafael Bouyer, Jérémy Rayaisse, Jean-Baptiste Solano, Philippe Guihini Mollo, Brahim Pèka, Mallaye Darnas, Justin Belem, Adrien Marie Gaston Yoni, Wilfrid Noûs, Camille De Meeûs, Thierry |
| author_sort | Ravel, Sophie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Subsaharan Africa, tsetse flies (genus Glossina) are vectors of trypanosomes causing Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT). Some foci of HAT persist in Southern Chad, where a program of tsetse control was started against the local vector Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the Mandoul focus in 2014, and in Maro in 2018. Flies were also sampled in 2018 in Timbéri and Dokoutou. We analyzed the population genetics of G. fuscipes fuscipes from the four tsetse-infested zones. The trapping samples were characterized by a strong female biased sex-ratio, except in Timbéri and Dokoutou that had high tsetse densities. Apparent density and effective population density appeared smaller in the main foci of Mandoul and Maro and the average dispersal distance (within the spatial scale of each zone) was as large as or larger than the total length of each respective zone. The genetic signature of a population bottleneck was found in the Mandoul and Timbéri area, suggesting a large ancient interconnected metapopulation that underwent genetic subdivision into small, isolated pockets due to adverse environmental conditions. The long-range dispersal and the existence of genetic outliers suggest a possibility of migration from remote sites such as the Central African Republic in the south (although the fly situation remains unknown there) and/or a genetic signature of recent exchanges. Due to likely isolation, an eradication strategy may be considered for sustainable HAT control in Mandoul focus. Another strategy will probably be required in Maro focus, which probably experiences much more exchanges with its neighbors.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-659840d1e310414d9d4ba9279629b09c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2804-3871 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Peer Community In |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Peer Community Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-659840d1e310414d9d4ba9279629b09c2025-02-07T10:16:49ZengPeer Community InPeer Community Journal2804-38712023-03-01310.24072/pcjournal.25710.24072/pcjournal.257Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad Ravel, Sophie0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3093-5208Mahamat, Mahamat Hissène1Ségard, Adeline2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-3194Argilés-Herrero, Rafael3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0812-0595Bouyer, Jérémy4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1913-416XRayaisse, Jean-Baptiste5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9642-4702Solano, Philippe6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-3506Guihini Mollo, Brahim7 Pèka, Mallaye8Darnas, Justin9Belem, Adrien Marie Gaston10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7405-1626Yoni, Wilfrid11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1156-8350Noûs, Camille12De Meeûs, Thierry13https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-241XIntertryp, IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceInstitut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement (IRED), Ndjaména, TchadIntertryp, IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceInsect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency Program of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, AustriaInsect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency Program of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, AustriaCentre International de Recherche Développement sur l’Elevage en zone Subhumide (Cirdes), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina FasoIntertryp, IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceInstitut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement (IRED), Ndjaména, TchadProgramme National de Lutte contre la THA (PNLTHA), Ndjaména, TchadProgramme National de Lutte contre la THA (PNLTHA), Ndjaména, TchadUniversité Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina FasoCentre International de Recherche Développement sur l’Elevage en zone Subhumide (Cirdes), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina FasoCogitamus laboratory, France, https://www.cogitamus.fr/Intertryp, IRD, Cirad, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, FranceIn Subsaharan Africa, tsetse flies (genus Glossina) are vectors of trypanosomes causing Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT). Some foci of HAT persist in Southern Chad, where a program of tsetse control was started against the local vector Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in the Mandoul focus in 2014, and in Maro in 2018. Flies were also sampled in 2018 in Timbéri and Dokoutou. We analyzed the population genetics of G. fuscipes fuscipes from the four tsetse-infested zones. The trapping samples were characterized by a strong female biased sex-ratio, except in Timbéri and Dokoutou that had high tsetse densities. Apparent density and effective population density appeared smaller in the main foci of Mandoul and Maro and the average dispersal distance (within the spatial scale of each zone) was as large as or larger than the total length of each respective zone. The genetic signature of a population bottleneck was found in the Mandoul and Timbéri area, suggesting a large ancient interconnected metapopulation that underwent genetic subdivision into small, isolated pockets due to adverse environmental conditions. The long-range dispersal and the existence of genetic outliers suggest a possibility of migration from remote sites such as the Central African Republic in the south (although the fly situation remains unknown there) and/or a genetic signature of recent exchanges. Due to likely isolation, an eradication strategy may be considered for sustainable HAT control in Mandoul focus. Another strategy will probably be required in Maro focus, which probably experiences much more exchanges with its neighbors. https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.257/ |
| spellingShingle | Ravel, Sophie Mahamat, Mahamat Hissène Ségard, Adeline Argilés-Herrero, Rafael Bouyer, Jérémy Rayaisse, Jean-Baptiste Solano, Philippe Guihini Mollo, Brahim Pèka, Mallaye Darnas, Justin Belem, Adrien Marie Gaston Yoni, Wilfrid Noûs, Camille De Meeûs, Thierry Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad Peer Community Journal |
| title | Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad
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| title_full | Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad
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| title_fullStr | Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad
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| title_full_unstemmed | Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad
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| title_short | Population genetics of Glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern Chad
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| title_sort | population genetics of glossina fuscipes fuscipes from southern chad |
| url | https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.257/ |
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