“Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework

Background: In addition to structural interventions such as syringe services and naloxone distribution, harm reduction (HR) is also a relational approach to care encompassing principles such as patient autonomy and pragmatism that can be implemented in healthcare teams to improve outcomes for people...

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Main Authors: Stephanie L. Creasy, James E. Egan, Sarah Krier, Jessica Townsend, Jessica Ward, Mary Hawk, Emma Sophia Kay
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-02-01
Series:Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251323721
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author Stephanie L. Creasy
James E. Egan
Sarah Krier
Jessica Townsend
Jessica Ward
Mary Hawk
Emma Sophia Kay
author_facet Stephanie L. Creasy
James E. Egan
Sarah Krier
Jessica Townsend
Jessica Ward
Mary Hawk
Emma Sophia Kay
author_sort Stephanie L. Creasy
collection DOAJ
description Background: In addition to structural interventions such as syringe services and naloxone distribution, harm reduction (HR) is also a relational approach to care encompassing principles such as patient autonomy and pragmatism that can be implemented in healthcare teams to improve outcomes for people with HIV (PWH) who use drugs. Evidence suggests that using a relational HR framework to operationalize care for PWH who use drugs may improve the patient-provider relationship, thus positively impacting HIV outcomes. We previously found that negative attitudes toward people who use drugs are negatively associated with acceptance of HR; however, little is known about how HIV providers conceptualize the patient-provider relationship with PWH who use drugs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the ways healthcare workers (HCWs) characterize interactions with PWH who use drugs and if these characterizations reflect relational HR or missed opportunities to improve the patient-provider relationship. Design: We used a qualitative descriptive design to characterize HCWs’ descriptions of their interactions with PWH who use drugs. Methods: We interviewed providers ( n  = 23) working at three HIV clinics in the United States to assess their interactions with patients. Providers included anyone who had worked at their respective clinic for ⩾1 year and who had face-to-face contact with patients (e.g., front desk staff, nurses, physicians, and social workers). Data were coded thematically via Dedoose. Results: We discovered that HCWs characterize positive patient-provider interactions that both reflect HR principles and may not align with the principles of HR. Examples include when patients appear comfortable with and trusting of their provider, when patients feel heard by their provider, and when providers feel they are responsive to patient needs. However, other HCWs described positive interactions as counter to relational HR. Conclusion: HCW descriptions of positive interactions in line with relational HR in their conceptualization of patient-provider interactions with PWH who use drugs have the potential to guide efforts in increasing the acceptability of HR in HIV care. Given evidence showing HR improves outcomes for those who use substances, findings suggest missed opportunities to incorporate relational HR into the patient-provider relationship in HIV primary care settings. Registration: NCT05404750.
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spelling doaj-art-65873f8d5bc542edbab68ac1d7e1dc0d2025-08-20T03:12:47ZengSAGE PublishingTherapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease2049-937X2025-02-011210.1177/20499361251323721“Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction frameworkStephanie L. CreasyJames E. EganSarah KrierJessica TownsendJessica WardMary HawkEmma Sophia KayBackground: In addition to structural interventions such as syringe services and naloxone distribution, harm reduction (HR) is also a relational approach to care encompassing principles such as patient autonomy and pragmatism that can be implemented in healthcare teams to improve outcomes for people with HIV (PWH) who use drugs. Evidence suggests that using a relational HR framework to operationalize care for PWH who use drugs may improve the patient-provider relationship, thus positively impacting HIV outcomes. We previously found that negative attitudes toward people who use drugs are negatively associated with acceptance of HR; however, little is known about how HIV providers conceptualize the patient-provider relationship with PWH who use drugs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the ways healthcare workers (HCWs) characterize interactions with PWH who use drugs and if these characterizations reflect relational HR or missed opportunities to improve the patient-provider relationship. Design: We used a qualitative descriptive design to characterize HCWs’ descriptions of their interactions with PWH who use drugs. Methods: We interviewed providers ( n  = 23) working at three HIV clinics in the United States to assess their interactions with patients. Providers included anyone who had worked at their respective clinic for ⩾1 year and who had face-to-face contact with patients (e.g., front desk staff, nurses, physicians, and social workers). Data were coded thematically via Dedoose. Results: We discovered that HCWs characterize positive patient-provider interactions that both reflect HR principles and may not align with the principles of HR. Examples include when patients appear comfortable with and trusting of their provider, when patients feel heard by their provider, and when providers feel they are responsive to patient needs. However, other HCWs described positive interactions as counter to relational HR. Conclusion: HCW descriptions of positive interactions in line with relational HR in their conceptualization of patient-provider interactions with PWH who use drugs have the potential to guide efforts in increasing the acceptability of HR in HIV care. Given evidence showing HR improves outcomes for those who use substances, findings suggest missed opportunities to incorporate relational HR into the patient-provider relationship in HIV primary care settings. Registration: NCT05404750.https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251323721
spellingShingle Stephanie L. Creasy
James E. Egan
Sarah Krier
Jessica Townsend
Jessica Ward
Mary Hawk
Emma Sophia Kay
“Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
title “Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
title_full “Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
title_fullStr “Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
title_full_unstemmed “Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
title_short “Let me hear what you’re needing”: exploring how HIV providers conceptualize patient-provider interactions with people with HIV who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
title_sort let me hear what you re needing exploring how hiv providers conceptualize patient provider interactions with people with hiv who use drugs using a harm reduction framework
url https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251323721
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