Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis
Clinical gait analysis plays a central role in the rehabilitation of stroke patients. However, practical and technical challenges limit their use in clinical settings. This study aimed to validate SMARTGAIT, a deep learning-based gait analysis system that addresses these limitations. Eight stroke pa...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Philipp Barzyk Alina-Sophie Boden Justin Howaldt Jana Stürner Philip Zimmermann Daniel Seebacher Joachim Liepert Manuel Stein Markus Gruber Michael Schwenk |
| author_facet | Philipp Barzyk Alina-Sophie Boden Justin Howaldt Jana Stürner Philip Zimmermann Daniel Seebacher Joachim Liepert Manuel Stein Markus Gruber Michael Schwenk |
| author_sort | Philipp Barzyk |
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| description | Clinical gait analysis plays a central role in the rehabilitation of stroke patients. However, practical and technical challenges limit their use in clinical settings. This study aimed to validate SMARTGAIT, a deep learning-based gait analysis system that addresses these limitations. Eight stroke patients took part in the study at the Human Performance Research Centre of the University of Konstanz. Gait measurements were taken using both the marker-based Vicon motion capture system and the single-smartphone-based SMARTGAIT system. We evaluated the agreement for knee, hip, and ankle joint angle kinematics in the frontal and sagittal plane and spatiotemporal gait parameters between the two systems. The results mostly demonstrated high levels of agreement between the two systems, with Pearson correlations of ≥0.79 for all lower body angle kinematics in the sagittal plane and correlations of ≥0.71 in the frontal plane. RMSE values were ≤4.6°. The intraclass correlation coefficients for all derived gait parameters showed good to excellent levels of agreement. SMARTGAIT is a promising tool for gait analysis in stroke, particularly for quantifying gait characteristics in the sagittal plane, which is very relevant for clinical gait analysis. However, further analyses are required to validate the use of SMARTGAIT in larger samples and its transferability to different types of pathological gait. In conclusion, a single smartphone recording (monocular 2D RGB camera) could make gait analysis more accessible in clinical settings, potentially simplifying the process and making it more feasible for therapists and doctors to use in their day-to-day practice. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-65859bfac85a4865986e65ca5ab16e9e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-65859bfac85a4865986e65ca5ab16e9e2025-08-20T02:38:42ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202024-12-012423781910.3390/s24237819Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait AnalysisPhilipp Barzyk0Alina-Sophie Boden1Justin Howaldt2Jana Stürner3Philip Zimmermann4Daniel Seebacher5Joachim Liepert6Manuel Stein7Markus Gruber8Michael Schwenk9Human Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, GermanyHuman Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, GermanyHuman Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, GermanyLurija Institute and Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, 78476 Allensbach, GermanySubsequent GmbH, 78467 Konstanz, GermanySubsequent GmbH, 78467 Konstanz, GermanyLurija Institute and Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, 78476 Allensbach, GermanySubsequent GmbH, 78467 Konstanz, GermanyHuman Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, GermanyHuman Performance Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, GermanyClinical gait analysis plays a central role in the rehabilitation of stroke patients. However, practical and technical challenges limit their use in clinical settings. This study aimed to validate SMARTGAIT, a deep learning-based gait analysis system that addresses these limitations. Eight stroke patients took part in the study at the Human Performance Research Centre of the University of Konstanz. Gait measurements were taken using both the marker-based Vicon motion capture system and the single-smartphone-based SMARTGAIT system. We evaluated the agreement for knee, hip, and ankle joint angle kinematics in the frontal and sagittal plane and spatiotemporal gait parameters between the two systems. The results mostly demonstrated high levels of agreement between the two systems, with Pearson correlations of ≥0.79 for all lower body angle kinematics in the sagittal plane and correlations of ≥0.71 in the frontal plane. RMSE values were ≤4.6°. The intraclass correlation coefficients for all derived gait parameters showed good to excellent levels of agreement. SMARTGAIT is a promising tool for gait analysis in stroke, particularly for quantifying gait characteristics in the sagittal plane, which is very relevant for clinical gait analysis. However, further analyses are required to validate the use of SMARTGAIT in larger samples and its transferability to different types of pathological gait. In conclusion, a single smartphone recording (monocular 2D RGB camera) could make gait analysis more accessible in clinical settings, potentially simplifying the process and making it more feasible for therapists and doctors to use in their day-to-day practice.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7819markerless motion capturegait analysisstrokejoint kinematicsRGB camerahuman movement analysis |
| spellingShingle | Philipp Barzyk Alina-Sophie Boden Justin Howaldt Jana Stürner Philip Zimmermann Daniel Seebacher Joachim Liepert Manuel Stein Markus Gruber Michael Schwenk Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis Sensors markerless motion capture gait analysis stroke joint kinematics RGB camera human movement analysis |
| title | Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis |
| title_full | Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis |
| title_short | Steps to Facilitate the Use of Clinical Gait Analysis in Stroke Patients: The Validation of a Single 2D RGB Smartphone Video-Based System for Gait Analysis |
| title_sort | steps to facilitate the use of clinical gait analysis in stroke patients the validation of a single 2d rgb smartphone video based system for gait analysis |
| topic | markerless motion capture gait analysis stroke joint kinematics RGB camera human movement analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/23/7819 |
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