Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform

Abstract The manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves is important in diverse fields such as microwave sensing and wireless communication. Spatio-temporal synthesis, in particular, has attracted growing interest in recent years. Several related approaches have been explored, but their huge computa...

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Main Authors: Yunlong Du, Deshuang Zhao, Chenming Guo, Junlong He, Hao Yao, Jialiang Zou, Bing-Zhong Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Communications Engineering
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00448-9
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author Yunlong Du
Deshuang Zhao
Chenming Guo
Junlong He
Hao Yao
Jialiang Zou
Bing-Zhong Wang
author_facet Yunlong Du
Deshuang Zhao
Chenming Guo
Junlong He
Hao Yao
Jialiang Zou
Bing-Zhong Wang
author_sort Yunlong Du
collection DOAJ
description Abstract The manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves is important in diverse fields such as microwave sensing and wireless communication. Spatio-temporal synthesis, in particular, has attracted growing interest in recent years. Several related approaches have been explored, but their huge computational burden confines them to low-dimensional EM field synthesis. The synthesis of four-dimensional (4D) EM fields remains a challenging problem. Here, we develop the projected space-time Fourier transform (PST-FT) method to analytically control the continuous evolution of the high-dimensional EM field with time. Without iterative algorithms or pseudo-inverse matrix, it allows rapid synthesis of continuous 4D EM fields. For verification, three complicated time-varying microwave fields are synthesized, including the 4D electric field radiated by other antennas, the multi-target continuously scanning field, and the time-varying shaped uniform field. Furthermore, several corollaries and fundamental limitations are derived by integrating the developed theory and signal processing theory. Our results demonstrate the proposed theory, with potential application in reproducing EM environments, wireless communication and holographic imaging.
format Article
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institution DOAJ
issn 2731-3395
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Engineering
spelling doaj-art-65841fb1c1d84cddb7501f37ce0774bb2025-08-20T03:22:45ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Engineering2731-33952025-06-01411710.1038/s44172-025-00448-9Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transformYunlong Du0Deshuang Zhao1Chenming Guo2Junlong He3Hao Yao4Jialiang Zou5Bing-Zhong Wang6School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaAbstract The manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves is important in diverse fields such as microwave sensing and wireless communication. Spatio-temporal synthesis, in particular, has attracted growing interest in recent years. Several related approaches have been explored, but their huge computational burden confines them to low-dimensional EM field synthesis. The synthesis of four-dimensional (4D) EM fields remains a challenging problem. Here, we develop the projected space-time Fourier transform (PST-FT) method to analytically control the continuous evolution of the high-dimensional EM field with time. Without iterative algorithms or pseudo-inverse matrix, it allows rapid synthesis of continuous 4D EM fields. For verification, three complicated time-varying microwave fields are synthesized, including the 4D electric field radiated by other antennas, the multi-target continuously scanning field, and the time-varying shaped uniform field. Furthermore, several corollaries and fundamental limitations are derived by integrating the developed theory and signal processing theory. Our results demonstrate the proposed theory, with potential application in reproducing EM environments, wireless communication and holographic imaging.https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00448-9
spellingShingle Yunlong Du
Deshuang Zhao
Chenming Guo
Junlong He
Hao Yao
Jialiang Zou
Bing-Zhong Wang
Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform
Communications Engineering
title Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform
title_full Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform
title_fullStr Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform
title_full_unstemmed Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform
title_short Continuous spatio-temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space-time Fourier transform
title_sort continuous spatio temporal synthesis of electromagnetic fields by projected space time fourier transform
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00448-9
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