Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite

Resistance spot welding (RSW) of press-hardened steel (PHS) with Al–Si coatings is challenging due to brittle fracture. In this paper, the joint alloying is achieved through the preset Ni foil welding method, and the microstructure, hardness, and strength of the joint are investigated. The results s...

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Main Authors: Fei Teng, Pengcheng Huan, Xiaonan Wang, Zhigong Jiang, Qingyu Zhang, Rendong Liu, Dong Lv, Hongshuang Di
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:Journal of Materials Research and Technology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425017168
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author Fei Teng
Pengcheng Huan
Xiaonan Wang
Zhigong Jiang
Qingyu Zhang
Rendong Liu
Dong Lv
Hongshuang Di
author_facet Fei Teng
Pengcheng Huan
Xiaonan Wang
Zhigong Jiang
Qingyu Zhang
Rendong Liu
Dong Lv
Hongshuang Di
author_sort Fei Teng
collection DOAJ
description Resistance spot welding (RSW) of press-hardened steel (PHS) with Al–Si coatings is challenging due to brittle fracture. In this paper, the joint alloying is achieved through the preset Ni foil welding method, and the microstructure, hardness, and strength of the joint are investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the quenched Al–Si-coated steel RSW nugget tongue consists of Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite. Softening is observed at the boundary between the HAZ and the nugget. Cracks are generated at the interface of the Fe–Al IMCs and the HAZ during the tensile process. The fracture mode is mixed ductile‒brittle fracture. With Ni addition, the microstructure transformation changes to lath martensite (LM) + austenite (γ) + Fe–Ni–Al solid solution + Ni. The brittle Fe–Al IMCs in the solder joints are eliminated. Boundary layer softening is eliminated. The microhardness at the boundary between the nugget and the HAZ increases from 362.2 HV to 441.8 HV due to Ni solid solution strengthening. The fracture mode is ductile fracture, and the fracture force value has increased to 23.33 kN. The mechanical properties of the solder joints are improved.
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publisher Elsevier
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spelling doaj-art-6567488f2c5543dc9663941bd0d0efa92025-08-20T03:28:44ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-07-01373615362410.1016/j.jmrt.2025.07.058Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferriteFei Teng0Pengcheng Huan1Xiaonan Wang2Zhigong Jiang3Qingyu Zhang4Rendong Liu5Dong Lv6Hongshuang Di7State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Liaoning, Shenyang, 110819, People's Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Liaoning, Shenyang, 110819, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Iron and Steel, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215021, People's Republic of China; Corresponding author.CCAS (Changchun) Steel Service Center Ltd, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of ChinaSchool of Iron and Steel, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215021, People's Republic of ChinaAnsteel Iron and Steel Research Institute, Anshan, Liaoning, 114001, People's Republic of ChinaAnsteel Iron and Steel Research Institute, Anshan, Liaoning, 114001, People's Republic of ChinaState Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Liaoning, Shenyang, 110819, People's Republic of China; Corresponding author.Resistance spot welding (RSW) of press-hardened steel (PHS) with Al–Si coatings is challenging due to brittle fracture. In this paper, the joint alloying is achieved through the preset Ni foil welding method, and the microstructure, hardness, and strength of the joint are investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the quenched Al–Si-coated steel RSW nugget tongue consists of Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite. Softening is observed at the boundary between the HAZ and the nugget. Cracks are generated at the interface of the Fe–Al IMCs and the HAZ during the tensile process. The fracture mode is mixed ductile‒brittle fracture. With Ni addition, the microstructure transformation changes to lath martensite (LM) + austenite (γ) + Fe–Ni–Al solid solution + Ni. The brittle Fe–Al IMCs in the solder joints are eliminated. Boundary layer softening is eliminated. The microhardness at the boundary between the nugget and the HAZ increases from 362.2 HV to 441.8 HV due to Ni solid solution strengthening. The fracture mode is ductile fracture, and the fracture force value has increased to 23.33 kN. The mechanical properties of the solder joints are improved.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425017168Resistance spot weldingPress-hardened steelAl–Si coatingMechanical performance
spellingShingle Fei Teng
Pengcheng Huan
Xiaonan Wang
Zhigong Jiang
Qingyu Zhang
Rendong Liu
Dong Lv
Hongshuang Di
Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite
Journal of Materials Research and Technology
Resistance spot welding
Press-hardened steel
Al–Si coating
Mechanical performance
title Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite
title_full Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite
title_fullStr Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite
title_full_unstemmed Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite
title_short Improving the mechanical properties of an Al–Si-coated 22MnB5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding Ni foil to suppress Fe–Al IMCs and δ-ferrite
title_sort improving the mechanical properties of an al si coated 22mnb5 steel resistance spot welding joint by adding ni foil to suppress fe al imcs and δ ferrite
topic Resistance spot welding
Press-hardened steel
Al–Si coating
Mechanical performance
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425017168
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