A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency

The Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is a lentivirus belonging to Retroviridae family that affects feline immune cells, causing a progressive immunosuppression by depleting CD4+ T-lymphocytes, similarly to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans caused by human immunodeficiency v...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Irene Ferrero, Paolo Poletti, Enrica Giachino, Joel Filipe, Paola Dall’Ara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Veterinary Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/2/89
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850183360745308160
author Irene Ferrero
Paolo Poletti
Enrica Giachino
Joel Filipe
Paola Dall’Ara
author_facet Irene Ferrero
Paolo Poletti
Enrica Giachino
Joel Filipe
Paola Dall’Ara
author_sort Irene Ferrero
collection DOAJ
description The Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is a lentivirus belonging to Retroviridae family that affects feline immune cells, causing a progressive immunosuppression by depleting CD4+ T-lymphocytes, similarly to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Diagnosis is usually performed by clinicians using rapid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or lateral flow tests that detect FIV antibodies. The aim of this work was the development of FIVCHECK Ab ELISA, a new rapid indirect assay for the detection of FIV antibodies in feline serum/plasma samples; FIVCHECK Ab ELISA was developed after a meticulous set-up and cut-off analysis through several methods, including the Youden’s index and ROC curve, to achieve the best test performance. The new kit was validated by testing 115 feline sera (38 positives and 77 negatives for FIV antibodies) against the ELISA rapid test SNAP FIV/FeLV Combo (IDEXX). Moreover, 103 sera (28 positives and 75 negatives) were also analyzed with two other rapid indirect ELISAss, INgezim FIV (Gold Standard Diagnostics) and VetLine FIV (NovaTec); FIVCHECK Ab ELISA agreed at 100% with SNAP (100% sensitivity, 95% confidence interval (CI): 88.5–100%; 100% specificity, 95% CI: 94.0–100%), 100% with INgezim FIV and 92.2% with VetLine FIV. Intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision gave coefficients of variation lower than 10%. The new ELISA is a simple and quick test that provides reliable results for veterinary clinics and practices.
format Article
id doaj-art-65527f714c3347fea96cb193045c83d7
institution OA Journals
issn 2306-7381
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Veterinary Sciences
spelling doaj-art-65527f714c3347fea96cb193045c83d72025-08-20T02:17:24ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812025-01-011228910.3390/vetsci12020089A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline ImmunodeficiencyIrene Ferrero0Paolo Poletti1Enrica Giachino2Joel Filipe3Paola Dall’Ara4Agrolabo S.p.A., 10100 Scarmagno, ItalyAgrolabo S.p.A., 10100 Scarmagno, ItalyAgrolabo S.p.A., 10100 Scarmagno, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, ItalyThe Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is a lentivirus belonging to Retroviridae family that affects feline immune cells, causing a progressive immunosuppression by depleting CD4+ T-lymphocytes, similarly to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Diagnosis is usually performed by clinicians using rapid Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) or lateral flow tests that detect FIV antibodies. The aim of this work was the development of FIVCHECK Ab ELISA, a new rapid indirect assay for the detection of FIV antibodies in feline serum/plasma samples; FIVCHECK Ab ELISA was developed after a meticulous set-up and cut-off analysis through several methods, including the Youden’s index and ROC curve, to achieve the best test performance. The new kit was validated by testing 115 feline sera (38 positives and 77 negatives for FIV antibodies) against the ELISA rapid test SNAP FIV/FeLV Combo (IDEXX). Moreover, 103 sera (28 positives and 75 negatives) were also analyzed with two other rapid indirect ELISAss, INgezim FIV (Gold Standard Diagnostics) and VetLine FIV (NovaTec); FIVCHECK Ab ELISA agreed at 100% with SNAP (100% sensitivity, 95% confidence interval (CI): 88.5–100%; 100% specificity, 95% CI: 94.0–100%), 100% with INgezim FIV and 92.2% with VetLine FIV. Intra- and inter-assay accuracy and precision gave coefficients of variation lower than 10%. The new ELISA is a simple and quick test that provides reliable results for veterinary clinics and practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/2/89FIVimmunodeficiencyFIVCHECK Ab ELISAgp40ELISA
spellingShingle Irene Ferrero
Paolo Poletti
Enrica Giachino
Joel Filipe
Paola Dall’Ara
A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency
Veterinary Sciences
FIV
immunodeficiency
FIVCHECK Ab ELISA
gp40
ELISA
title A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency
title_full A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency
title_fullStr A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency
title_full_unstemmed A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency
title_short A New Rapid Indirect ELISA Test for Serological Diagnosis of Feline Immunodeficiency
title_sort new rapid indirect elisa test for serological diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency
topic FIV
immunodeficiency
FIVCHECK Ab ELISA
gp40
ELISA
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/12/2/89
work_keys_str_mv AT ireneferrero anewrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT paolopoletti anewrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT enricagiachino anewrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT joelfilipe anewrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT paoladallara anewrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT ireneferrero newrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT paolopoletti newrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT enricagiachino newrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT joelfilipe newrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency
AT paoladallara newrapidindirectelisatestforserologicaldiagnosisoffelineimmunodeficiency