Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising

Objective: This study proposes a novel deep learning approach for enhancing low-dose bone scintigraphy images using an Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder (ECAE), aiming to reduce patient radiation exposure while preserving diagnostic quality, as assessed by both expert-based quantitative image metri...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nikolaos Bouzianis, Ioannis Stathopoulos, Pipitsa Valsamaki, Efthymia Rapti, Ekaterini Trikopani, Vasiliki Apostolidou, Athanasia Kotini, Athanasios Zissimopoulos, Adam Adamopoulos, Efstratios Karavasilis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Imaging
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/6/197
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849432720654991360
author Nikolaos Bouzianis
Ioannis Stathopoulos
Pipitsa Valsamaki
Efthymia Rapti
Ekaterini Trikopani
Vasiliki Apostolidou
Athanasia Kotini
Athanasios Zissimopoulos
Adam Adamopoulos
Efstratios Karavasilis
author_facet Nikolaos Bouzianis
Ioannis Stathopoulos
Pipitsa Valsamaki
Efthymia Rapti
Ekaterini Trikopani
Vasiliki Apostolidou
Athanasia Kotini
Athanasios Zissimopoulos
Adam Adamopoulos
Efstratios Karavasilis
author_sort Nikolaos Bouzianis
collection DOAJ
description Objective: This study proposes a novel deep learning approach for enhancing low-dose bone scintigraphy images using an Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder (ECAE), aiming to reduce patient radiation exposure while preserving diagnostic quality, as assessed by both expert-based quantitative image metrics and qualitative evaluation. Methods: A supervised learning framework was developed using real-world paired low- and full-dose images from 105 patients. Data were acquired using standard clinical gamma cameras at the Nuclear Medicine Department of the University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis. The ECAE architecture integrates multiscale feature extraction, channel attention mechanisms, and efficient residual blocks to reconstruct high-quality images from low-dose inputs. The model was trained and validated using quantitative metrics—Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM)—alongside qualitative assessments by nuclear medicine experts. Results: The model achieved significant improvements in both PSNR and SSIM across all tested dose levels, particularly between 30% and 70% of the full dose. Expert evaluation confirmed enhanced visibility of anatomical structures, noise reduction, and preservation of diagnostic detail in denoised images. In blinded evaluations, denoised images were preferred over the original full-dose scans in 66% of all cases, and in 61% of cases within the 30–70% dose range. Conclusion: The proposed ECAE model effectively reconstructs high-quality bone scintigraphy images from substantially reduced-dose acquisitions. This approach supports dose reduction in nuclear medicine imaging while maintaining—or even enhancing—diagnostic confidence, offering practical benefits in patient safety, workflow efficiency, and environmental impact.
format Article
id doaj-art-654ddc1fb29841b8868e86680d82ff01
institution Kabale University
issn 2313-433X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Imaging
spelling doaj-art-654ddc1fb29841b8868e86680d82ff012025-08-20T03:27:17ZengMDPI AGJournal of Imaging2313-433X2025-06-0111619710.3390/jimaging11060197Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based DenoisingNikolaos Bouzianis0Ioannis Stathopoulos1Pipitsa Valsamaki2Efthymia Rapti3Ekaterini Trikopani4Vasiliki Apostolidou5Athanasia Kotini6Athanasios Zissimopoulos7Adam Adamopoulos8Efstratios Karavasilis9Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceNuclear Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceNuclear Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceMedical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceNuclear Medicine Department, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceMedical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceNuclear Medicine Department, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceMedical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceMedical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceObjective: This study proposes a novel deep learning approach for enhancing low-dose bone scintigraphy images using an Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder (ECAE), aiming to reduce patient radiation exposure while preserving diagnostic quality, as assessed by both expert-based quantitative image metrics and qualitative evaluation. Methods: A supervised learning framework was developed using real-world paired low- and full-dose images from 105 patients. Data were acquired using standard clinical gamma cameras at the Nuclear Medicine Department of the University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis. The ECAE architecture integrates multiscale feature extraction, channel attention mechanisms, and efficient residual blocks to reconstruct high-quality images from low-dose inputs. The model was trained and validated using quantitative metrics—Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM)—alongside qualitative assessments by nuclear medicine experts. Results: The model achieved significant improvements in both PSNR and SSIM across all tested dose levels, particularly between 30% and 70% of the full dose. Expert evaluation confirmed enhanced visibility of anatomical structures, noise reduction, and preservation of diagnostic detail in denoised images. In blinded evaluations, denoised images were preferred over the original full-dose scans in 66% of all cases, and in 61% of cases within the 30–70% dose range. Conclusion: The proposed ECAE model effectively reconstructs high-quality bone scintigraphy images from substantially reduced-dose acquisitions. This approach supports dose reduction in nuclear medicine imaging while maintaining—or even enhancing—diagnostic confidence, offering practical benefits in patient safety, workflow efficiency, and environmental impact.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/6/197bone scintigraphyconvolutional autoencoderdeep learningimage denoisinglow-dose imagingnuclear medicine
spellingShingle Nikolaos Bouzianis
Ioannis Stathopoulos
Pipitsa Valsamaki
Efthymia Rapti
Ekaterini Trikopani
Vasiliki Apostolidou
Athanasia Kotini
Athanasios Zissimopoulos
Adam Adamopoulos
Efstratios Karavasilis
Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising
Journal of Imaging
bone scintigraphy
convolutional autoencoder
deep learning
image denoising
low-dose imaging
nuclear medicine
title Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising
title_full Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising
title_fullStr Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising
title_full_unstemmed Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising
title_short Dose Reduction in Scintigraphic Imaging Through Enhanced Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Denoising
title_sort dose reduction in scintigraphic imaging through enhanced convolutional autoencoder based denoising
topic bone scintigraphy
convolutional autoencoder
deep learning
image denoising
low-dose imaging
nuclear medicine
url https://www.mdpi.com/2313-433X/11/6/197
work_keys_str_mv AT nikolaosbouzianis dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT ioannisstathopoulos dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT pipitsavalsamaki dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT efthymiarapti dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT ekaterinitrikopani dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT vasilikiapostolidou dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT athanasiakotini dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT athanasioszissimopoulos dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT adamadamopoulos dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising
AT efstratioskaravasilis dosereductioninscintigraphicimagingthroughenhancedconvolutionalautoencoderbaseddenoising