A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments

The quality of indoor environments within educational settings significantly impacts the health, safety, and comfort of occupants. In this manuscript, a simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality (CIAQ) Risk Index, aimed at assessing the potential ability of classrooms to maintain CO<sub>2</su...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ruben Daniel Lopez Carreño, Francesc Pardo-Bosch, Stanislav Aidarov, David Boix-Cots, Pablo Pujadas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/4033
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849730821564399616
author Ruben Daniel Lopez Carreño
Francesc Pardo-Bosch
Stanislav Aidarov
David Boix-Cots
Pablo Pujadas
author_facet Ruben Daniel Lopez Carreño
Francesc Pardo-Bosch
Stanislav Aidarov
David Boix-Cots
Pablo Pujadas
author_sort Ruben Daniel Lopez Carreño
collection DOAJ
description The quality of indoor environments within educational settings significantly impacts the health, safety, and comfort of occupants. In this manuscript, a simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality (CIAQ) Risk Index, aimed at assessing the potential ability of classrooms to maintain CO<sub>2</sub> levels within acceptable limits, is introduced. Comprising three primary components—the likelihood of surpassing predefined CO<sub>2</sub> thresholds, the potential number of individuals exposed, and the classroom’s capacity to withstand or mitigate threats—this index serves as a valuable compliance tool during both the design phase and operational management of educational spaces. Additionally, apart from presenting the index framework, a sensitivity case study analysis is carried out to verify the suitability of the proposed method and the sensitivity of the factors involved. Through this analysis, the robustness of the CIAQ Risk Index in various scenarios is demonstrated. By quantifying and evaluating potential risks associated with indoor air quality, the CIAQ Risk Index contributes to ongoing efforts to create healthier indoor environments. Furthermore, it facilitates the identification of budgetary mitigation strategies that should positively affect the air quality; among those, an intervention, retrofitting, and ventilation improvements can be listed. Through proactive risk identification and appropriate actions, including regulation adjustments and ventilation strategies, the reduction in health problems, the enhancement of well-being, and the improvement of overall performance and quality of life for educational communities can be achieved.
format Article
id doaj-art-65387ea92fef47fb830770df486151b3
institution DOAJ
issn 2076-3417
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-65387ea92fef47fb830770df486151b32025-08-20T03:08:44ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-04-01157403310.3390/app15074033A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational EnvironmentsRuben Daniel Lopez Carreño0Francesc Pardo-Bosch1Stanislav Aidarov2David Boix-Cots3Pablo Pujadas4Group of Construction Research and Innovation (GRIC), C/Colom, 11, Ed. TR5, 08222 Terrassa, SpainGroup of Construction Research and Innovation (GRIC), C/Colom, 11, Ed. TR5, 08222 Terrassa, SpainGroup of Construction Research and Innovation (GRIC), C/Colom, 11, Ed. TR5, 08222 Terrassa, SpainDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (UPC), c/Jordi Girona 1–3, 08028 Barcelona, SpainGroup of Construction Research and Innovation (GRIC), C/Colom, 11, Ed. TR5, 08222 Terrassa, SpainThe quality of indoor environments within educational settings significantly impacts the health, safety, and comfort of occupants. In this manuscript, a simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality (CIAQ) Risk Index, aimed at assessing the potential ability of classrooms to maintain CO<sub>2</sub> levels within acceptable limits, is introduced. Comprising three primary components—the likelihood of surpassing predefined CO<sub>2</sub> thresholds, the potential number of individuals exposed, and the classroom’s capacity to withstand or mitigate threats—this index serves as a valuable compliance tool during both the design phase and operational management of educational spaces. Additionally, apart from presenting the index framework, a sensitivity case study analysis is carried out to verify the suitability of the proposed method and the sensitivity of the factors involved. Through this analysis, the robustness of the CIAQ Risk Index in various scenarios is demonstrated. By quantifying and evaluating potential risks associated with indoor air quality, the CIAQ Risk Index contributes to ongoing efforts to create healthier indoor environments. Furthermore, it facilitates the identification of budgetary mitigation strategies that should positively affect the air quality; among those, an intervention, retrofitting, and ventilation improvements can be listed. Through proactive risk identification and appropriate actions, including regulation adjustments and ventilation strategies, the reduction in health problems, the enhancement of well-being, and the improvement of overall performance and quality of life for educational communities can be achieved.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/4033indoor air qualityclassroom environmentrisk assessmentIAQ risk managementventilation strategies
spellingShingle Ruben Daniel Lopez Carreño
Francesc Pardo-Bosch
Stanislav Aidarov
David Boix-Cots
Pablo Pujadas
A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments
Applied Sciences
indoor air quality
classroom environment
risk assessment
IAQ risk management
ventilation strategies
title A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments
title_full A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments
title_fullStr A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments
title_full_unstemmed A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments
title_short A Simplified Classroom Indoor Air Quality Risk Index: Application in the Mediterranean Region to Support the Enhanced Design of Educational Environments
title_sort simplified classroom indoor air quality risk index application in the mediterranean region to support the enhanced design of educational environments
topic indoor air quality
classroom environment
risk assessment
IAQ risk management
ventilation strategies
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/4033
work_keys_str_mv AT rubendaniellopezcarreno asimplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT francescpardobosch asimplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT stanislavaidarov asimplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT davidboixcots asimplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT pablopujadas asimplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT rubendaniellopezcarreno simplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT francescpardobosch simplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT stanislavaidarov simplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT davidboixcots simplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments
AT pablopujadas simplifiedclassroomindoorairqualityriskindexapplicationinthemediterraneanregiontosupporttheenhanceddesignofeducationalenvironments