Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method
The ability to measure vital signs using electromagnetic waves has been extensively investigated as a less intrusive method capable of assessing different biosignal sources while using a single device. On-body antennas, when directly coupled to the human body, offer a comfortable and effective alter...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/2/138 |
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| author | Mariana Amador Mobayode O. Akinsolu Qiang Hua João Cardoso Daniel Albuquerque Pedro Pinho |
| author_facet | Mariana Amador Mobayode O. Akinsolu Qiang Hua João Cardoso Daniel Albuquerque Pedro Pinho |
| author_sort | Mariana Amador |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ability to measure vital signs using electromagnetic waves has been extensively investigated as a less intrusive method capable of assessing different biosignal sources while using a single device. On-body antennas, when directly coupled to the human body, offer a comfortable and effective alternative for daily monitoring. Nonetheless, on-body antennas are challenging to design primarily due to the high dielectric constant of body tissues. While the simulation process may often include a body model, a unique model cannot account for inter-individual variability, leading to discrepancies in measured antenna parameters. A potential solution is to increase the antenna’s bandwidth, guaranteeing the antenna’s impedance matching and robustness for all users. This work describes a new on-body microstrip antenna having a stacked structure with parasitic elements, designed and optimized using artificial intelligence (AI). By using an AI-driven design approach, a self-adaptive Bayesian neural network surrogate-model-assisted differential evolution for antenna optimization (SB-SADEA) method to be specific, and a stacked structure having parasitic elements and a defected ground structure with 27 tuneable design parameters, the simulated impedance bandwidth of the on-body antenna was successfully enhanced from 150 MHz to 1.3 GHz, while employing a single and simplified body model in the simulation process. Furthermore, the impact of inter-individual variability on the measured S-parameters was analyzed. The measured results relative to ten subjects revealed that for certain subjects, the SB-SADEA-optimized antenna’s bandwidth reached 1.6 GHz. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-64d533f3f010487f921a27ed3d6dbfbc |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-64d533f3f010487f921a27ed3d6dbfbc2025-08-20T02:44:59ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542025-01-0112213810.3390/bioengineering12020138Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA MethodMariana Amador0Mobayode O. Akinsolu1Qiang Hua2João Cardoso3Daniel Albuquerque4Pedro Pinho5Instituto de Telecomunicações, Departamento de Eletrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalFaculty of Arts, Computing and Engineering, Wrexham University, Wales LL11 2AW, UKSchool of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UKInstituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Departamento de Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores, 1959-007 Lisboa, PortugalEscola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão de Águeda, Universidade de Aveiro, 3750-127 Águeda, PortugalInstituto de Telecomunicações, Departamento de Eletrónica, Telecomunicações e Informática, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalThe ability to measure vital signs using electromagnetic waves has been extensively investigated as a less intrusive method capable of assessing different biosignal sources while using a single device. On-body antennas, when directly coupled to the human body, offer a comfortable and effective alternative for daily monitoring. Nonetheless, on-body antennas are challenging to design primarily due to the high dielectric constant of body tissues. While the simulation process may often include a body model, a unique model cannot account for inter-individual variability, leading to discrepancies in measured antenna parameters. A potential solution is to increase the antenna’s bandwidth, guaranteeing the antenna’s impedance matching and robustness for all users. This work describes a new on-body microstrip antenna having a stacked structure with parasitic elements, designed and optimized using artificial intelligence (AI). By using an AI-driven design approach, a self-adaptive Bayesian neural network surrogate-model-assisted differential evolution for antenna optimization (SB-SADEA) method to be specific, and a stacked structure having parasitic elements and a defected ground structure with 27 tuneable design parameters, the simulated impedance bandwidth of the on-body antenna was successfully enhanced from 150 MHz to 1.3 GHz, while employing a single and simplified body model in the simulation process. Furthermore, the impact of inter-individual variability on the measured S-parameters was analyzed. The measured results relative to ten subjects revealed that for certain subjects, the SB-SADEA-optimized antenna’s bandwidth reached 1.6 GHz.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/2/138on-body antennawideband antennaantenna designantenna optimization |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Amador Mobayode O. Akinsolu Qiang Hua João Cardoso Daniel Albuquerque Pedro Pinho Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method Bioengineering on-body antenna wideband antenna antenna design antenna optimization |
| title | Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method |
| title_full | Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method |
| title_fullStr | Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method |
| title_short | Design and Optimization of Stacked Wideband On-Body Antenna with Parasitic Elements and Defected Ground Structure for Biomedical Applications Using SB-SADEA Method |
| title_sort | design and optimization of stacked wideband on body antenna with parasitic elements and defected ground structure for biomedical applications using sb sadea method |
| topic | on-body antenna wideband antenna antenna design antenna optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/2/138 |
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