Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches
Many studies in human and animal models have shown that neural plasticity compensates for the loss of motor function after stroke. However, neural plasticity concerning compensatory movement, activated ipsilateral motor projections and competitive interaction after stroke contributes to maladaptive...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/359728 |
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| author | Naoyuki Takeuchi Shin-Ichi Izumi |
| author_facet | Naoyuki Takeuchi Shin-Ichi Izumi |
| author_sort | Naoyuki Takeuchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many studies in human and animal models have shown that neural plasticity compensates for the loss of motor function after stroke. However, neural plasticity concerning compensatory movement, activated ipsilateral motor projections and competitive interaction after stroke contributes to maladaptive plasticity, which negatively affects motor recovery. Compensatory movement on the less-affected side helps to perform self-sustaining activity but also creates an inappropriate movement pattern and ultimately limits the normal motor pattern. The activated ipsilateral motor projections after stroke are unable to sufficiently support the disruption of the corticospinal motor projections and induce the abnormal movement linked to poor motor ability. The competitive interaction between both hemispheres induces abnormal interhemispheric inhibition that weakens motor function in stroke patients. Moreover, widespread disinhibition increases the risk of competitive interaction between the hand and the proximal arm, which results in an incomplete motor recovery. To minimize this maladaptive plasticity, rehabilitation programs should be selected according to the motor impairment of stroke patients. Noninvasive brain stimulation might also be useful for correcting maladaptive plasticity after stroke. Here, we review the underlying mechanisms of maladaptive plasticity after stroke and propose rehabilitation approaches for appropriate cortical reorganization. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-64ceff8e2fe84f86b3457e4d083e1d85 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-64ceff8e2fe84f86b3457e4d083e1d852025-02-03T00:59:09ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432012-01-01201210.1155/2012/359728359728Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and ApproachesNaoyuki Takeuchi0Shin-Ichi Izumi1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, JapanMany studies in human and animal models have shown that neural plasticity compensates for the loss of motor function after stroke. However, neural plasticity concerning compensatory movement, activated ipsilateral motor projections and competitive interaction after stroke contributes to maladaptive plasticity, which negatively affects motor recovery. Compensatory movement on the less-affected side helps to perform self-sustaining activity but also creates an inappropriate movement pattern and ultimately limits the normal motor pattern. The activated ipsilateral motor projections after stroke are unable to sufficiently support the disruption of the corticospinal motor projections and induce the abnormal movement linked to poor motor ability. The competitive interaction between both hemispheres induces abnormal interhemispheric inhibition that weakens motor function in stroke patients. Moreover, widespread disinhibition increases the risk of competitive interaction between the hand and the proximal arm, which results in an incomplete motor recovery. To minimize this maladaptive plasticity, rehabilitation programs should be selected according to the motor impairment of stroke patients. Noninvasive brain stimulation might also be useful for correcting maladaptive plasticity after stroke. Here, we review the underlying mechanisms of maladaptive plasticity after stroke and propose rehabilitation approaches for appropriate cortical reorganization.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/359728 |
| spellingShingle | Naoyuki Takeuchi Shin-Ichi Izumi Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches Neural Plasticity |
| title | Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches |
| title_full | Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches |
| title_short | Maladaptive Plasticity for Motor Recovery after Stroke: Mechanisms and Approaches |
| title_sort | maladaptive plasticity for motor recovery after stroke mechanisms and approaches |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/359728 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT naoyukitakeuchi maladaptiveplasticityformotorrecoveryafterstrokemechanismsandapproaches AT shinichiizumi maladaptiveplasticityformotorrecoveryafterstrokemechanismsandapproaches |