A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan

Introduction: Enteric fever is among the most common bacteraemic illnesses in South Asia. Multidrug resistance as well as fluoroquinolone resistance has severely limited therapeutic options in high disease burden countries such as Pakistan. This review was conducted to determine the frequency of dru...

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Main Authors: Farah Naz Qamar, Asma Azmatullah, Abdul Momin Kazi, Erum Khan, Anita Kaniz Mehdi Zaidi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 2014-08-01
Series:Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
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Online Access:https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/3817
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author Farah Naz Qamar
Asma Azmatullah
Abdul Momin Kazi
Erum Khan
Anita Kaniz Mehdi Zaidi
author_facet Farah Naz Qamar
Asma Azmatullah
Abdul Momin Kazi
Erum Khan
Anita Kaniz Mehdi Zaidi
author_sort Farah Naz Qamar
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Enteric fever is among the most common bacteraemic illnesses in South Asia. Multidrug resistance as well as fluoroquinolone resistance has severely limited therapeutic options in high disease burden countries such as Pakistan. This review was conducted to determine the frequency of drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S.Typhi) and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) between2009 and 2011. Methodology: This study was a review of laboratory data. The antibiotic susceptibility of typhoidal Salmonellae isolated from blood cultures submitted to the Aga Khan University Hospital's laboratory from all over Pakistan between January 2009 and December 2011 were reviewed. Results: The sensitivity data of 4,323 positive isolates of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A isolated during the three-year period were reviewed. The majority of isolates were S. Typhi (59.6%).Over three years, the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S.Typhi remained high, ranging from 64.8%–66.0%, while MDR S. Paratyphi A decreased from 4.2% to 0.6%.Fluoroquinolone resistance increased for S. Typhi from 84.7% to 91.7%.Cefixime- and ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi were isolated in two children. Conclusions: Our results show high rates of multidrug and fluoroquinolone resistance among S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi. The occurrence of two cases of ceftriaxone resistance is alarming.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1972-2680
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publishDate 2014-08-01
publisher The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
record_format Article
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spelling doaj-art-64ccee1162f04e8895f4933d96559e072025-08-20T03:52:41ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802014-08-0180810.3855/jidc.3817A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in PakistanFarah Naz Qamar0Asma Azmatullah1Abdul Momin Kazi2Erum Khan3Anita Kaniz Mehdi Zaidi4Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PakistanAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PakistanAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PakistanAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PakistanAga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PakistanIntroduction: Enteric fever is among the most common bacteraemic illnesses in South Asia. Multidrug resistance as well as fluoroquinolone resistance has severely limited therapeutic options in high disease burden countries such as Pakistan. This review was conducted to determine the frequency of drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S.Typhi) and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A (S. Paratyphi A) between2009 and 2011. Methodology: This study was a review of laboratory data. The antibiotic susceptibility of typhoidal Salmonellae isolated from blood cultures submitted to the Aga Khan University Hospital's laboratory from all over Pakistan between January 2009 and December 2011 were reviewed. Results: The sensitivity data of 4,323 positive isolates of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A isolated during the three-year period were reviewed. The majority of isolates were S. Typhi (59.6%).Over three years, the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S.Typhi remained high, ranging from 64.8%–66.0%, while MDR S. Paratyphi A decreased from 4.2% to 0.6%.Fluoroquinolone resistance increased for S. Typhi from 84.7% to 91.7%.Cefixime- and ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi were isolated in two children. Conclusions: Our results show high rates of multidrug and fluoroquinolone resistance among S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi. The occurrence of two cases of ceftriaxone resistance is alarming. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/3817typhoid feverSalmonella typhiparatyphiresistance
spellingShingle Farah Naz Qamar
Asma Azmatullah
Abdul Momin Kazi
Erum Khan
Anita Kaniz Mehdi Zaidi
A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan
Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
typhoid fever
Salmonella typhi
paratyphi
resistance
title A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan
title_full A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan
title_fullStr A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan
title_full_unstemmed A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan
title_short A three-year review of antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Pakistan
title_sort three year review of antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica serovars typhi and paratyphi a in pakistan
topic typhoid fever
Salmonella typhi
paratyphi
resistance
url https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/3817
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