Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects

Abstract Background The lungs serve a critical function in air transport and gas exchange, presenting an appealing route for noninvasive drug administration. However, the unique physiology and anatomy of the lungs influence the efficacy and safety of pulmonary drug delivery. A comprehensive approach...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Amol Gholap, Sagar Pardeshi, Prabhanjan Giram, Sopan Nangare, Shrushti Sodha, Harshad Kapare, Mahesh More, Yogesh Sonar, Rahul Shukla, Jitendra Naik, Gayathri Reddy, Fouad Damiri, Namdev Dhas, Mohammed Berrada, Dipak Bari, Bhupendra Prajapati, Mónica C. García, Chandrakantsing Pardeshi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-06-01
Series:Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-025-00646-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849334612759674880
author Amol Gholap
Sagar Pardeshi
Prabhanjan Giram
Sopan Nangare
Shrushti Sodha
Harshad Kapare
Mahesh More
Yogesh Sonar
Rahul Shukla
Jitendra Naik
Gayathri Reddy
Fouad Damiri
Namdev Dhas
Mohammed Berrada
Dipak Bari
Bhupendra Prajapati
Mónica C. García
Chandrakantsing Pardeshi
author_facet Amol Gholap
Sagar Pardeshi
Prabhanjan Giram
Sopan Nangare
Shrushti Sodha
Harshad Kapare
Mahesh More
Yogesh Sonar
Rahul Shukla
Jitendra Naik
Gayathri Reddy
Fouad Damiri
Namdev Dhas
Mohammed Berrada
Dipak Bari
Bhupendra Prajapati
Mónica C. García
Chandrakantsing Pardeshi
author_sort Amol Gholap
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The lungs serve a critical function in air transport and gas exchange, presenting an appealing route for noninvasive drug administration. However, the unique physiology and anatomy of the lungs influence the efficacy and safety of pulmonary drug delivery. A comprehensive approach combining both an optimized pharmaceutical formulation and an appropriate delivery device is essential for effective pulmonary therapies. Main body Pulmonary drug delivery can achieve both local and systemic effects. During pulmonary drug delivery, several factors viz. particle size, electrostatic charge, inhalation parameters, airway functionality, disease state, and proper use of delivery device must be considered. Current advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of innovative nanocarriers tailored for pulmonary administration. These nanocarriers offer benefits such as targeted deposition in specific areas of the tracheobronchial tree, controlled drug release, protection of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from lung clearance mechanisms, and cell-specific targeting. Research on nanomedicine for pulmonary delivery has progressed significantly, resulting in the development of several (nano)formulations, devices, and products in various stages of clinical development, with some already commercially available. Recent studies have focused on improving inhalation device testing, aerosol formulation development, and the application of in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico models to better understand pulmonary drug deposition and disposition. Conclusion This review highlights the anatomical and physiological features of the lungs, recent advances in nanocarrier design and inhalation technologies. In addition, the applications in respiratory and systemic disease management have also been included. While significant progress has been made, challenges remain in optimizing pulmonary drug delivery systems, necessitating further research to address these complexities and enhance the therapeutic outcomes.
format Article
id doaj-art-64c14120db4a462e9d5ddb6c3764ec3d
institution Kabale University
issn 2314-8543
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
spelling doaj-art-64c14120db4a462e9d5ddb6c3764ec3d2025-08-20T03:45:31ZengSpringerOpenBeni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences2314-85432025-06-0114114310.1186/s43088-025-00646-6Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspectsAmol Gholap0Sagar Pardeshi1Prabhanjan Giram2Sopan Nangare3Shrushti Sodha4Harshad Kapare5Mahesh More6Yogesh Sonar7Rahul Shukla8Jitendra Naik9Gayathri Reddy10Fouad Damiri11Namdev Dhas12Mohammed Berrada13Dipak Bari14Bhupendra Prajapati15Mónica C. García16Chandrakantsing Pardeshi17St John Institute of Pharmacy and ResearchSt John Institute of Pharmacy and ResearchDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Krishna Institute of Pharmacy, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)University of the SciencesDr. D. Y. Patil Unitech Society’s, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & ResearchSekkeiBio Pvt. Ltd.Department of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of PharmacyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-RaebareliUniversity Institute of Chemical Technology, KBC North Maharashtra UniversityDepartment of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-RaebareliLaboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of CasablancaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE)Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sick, University Hassan II of CasablancaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchShree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Ganpat UniversityUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la Torre and Medina AllendeDepartment of Pharmaceutics, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchAbstract Background The lungs serve a critical function in air transport and gas exchange, presenting an appealing route for noninvasive drug administration. However, the unique physiology and anatomy of the lungs influence the efficacy and safety of pulmonary drug delivery. A comprehensive approach combining both an optimized pharmaceutical formulation and an appropriate delivery device is essential for effective pulmonary therapies. Main body Pulmonary drug delivery can achieve both local and systemic effects. During pulmonary drug delivery, several factors viz. particle size, electrostatic charge, inhalation parameters, airway functionality, disease state, and proper use of delivery device must be considered. Current advancements in nanotechnology have led to the development of innovative nanocarriers tailored for pulmonary administration. These nanocarriers offer benefits such as targeted deposition in specific areas of the tracheobronchial tree, controlled drug release, protection of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from lung clearance mechanisms, and cell-specific targeting. Research on nanomedicine for pulmonary delivery has progressed significantly, resulting in the development of several (nano)formulations, devices, and products in various stages of clinical development, with some already commercially available. Recent studies have focused on improving inhalation device testing, aerosol formulation development, and the application of in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico models to better understand pulmonary drug deposition and disposition. Conclusion This review highlights the anatomical and physiological features of the lungs, recent advances in nanocarrier design and inhalation technologies. In addition, the applications in respiratory and systemic disease management have also been included. While significant progress has been made, challenges remain in optimizing pulmonary drug delivery systems, necessitating further research to address these complexities and enhance the therapeutic outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-025-00646-6NanomedicinesNebulizersDry powder inhalersPulmonaryDrug deliveryTargeting
spellingShingle Amol Gholap
Sagar Pardeshi
Prabhanjan Giram
Sopan Nangare
Shrushti Sodha
Harshad Kapare
Mahesh More
Yogesh Sonar
Rahul Shukla
Jitendra Naik
Gayathri Reddy
Fouad Damiri
Namdev Dhas
Mohammed Berrada
Dipak Bari
Bhupendra Prajapati
Mónica C. García
Chandrakantsing Pardeshi
Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Nanomedicines
Nebulizers
Dry powder inhalers
Pulmonary
Drug delivery
Targeting
title Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects
title_full Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects
title_fullStr Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects
title_full_unstemmed Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects
title_short Breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery: targeting approaches, experimental models, and regulatory aspects
title_sort breathing new life nanomedicines for pulmonary drug delivery targeting approaches experimental models and regulatory aspects
topic Nanomedicines
Nebulizers
Dry powder inhalers
Pulmonary
Drug delivery
Targeting
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-025-00646-6
work_keys_str_mv AT amolgholap breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT sagarpardeshi breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT prabhanjangiram breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT sopannangare breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT shrushtisodha breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT harshadkapare breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT maheshmore breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT yogeshsonar breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT rahulshukla breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT jitendranaik breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT gayathrireddy breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT fouaddamiri breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT namdevdhas breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT mohammedberrada breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT dipakbari breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT bhupendraprajapati breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT monicacgarcia breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects
AT chandrakantsingpardeshi breathingnewlifenanomedicinesforpulmonarydrugdeliverytargetingapproachesexperimentalmodelsandregulatoryaspects