Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
<h4>Background</h4>This review evaluates the hypothesis of beneficial non-specific effects of the standard-titre measles vaccine.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Trials included standard or high-titre live att...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321982 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850116328442036224 |
|---|---|
| author | Louise A Fournais Anne C Zimakoff Andreas Jensen Jeppe H Svanholm Ingvild Fosse Lone G Stensballe |
| author_facet | Louise A Fournais Anne C Zimakoff Andreas Jensen Jeppe H Svanholm Ingvild Fosse Lone G Stensballe |
| author_sort | Louise A Fournais |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>This review evaluates the hypothesis of beneficial non-specific effects of the standard-titre measles vaccine.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Trials included standard or high-titre live attenuated measles containing vaccines compared to other vaccines or placebo. The primary outcomes were mortality and morbidity. Secondary outcomes were infections, antibiotic use, atopy, allergies, asthma, and atopic dermatitis.<h4>Findings</h4>23 articles were included in this systematic review. Mortality: Two doses of measles vaccine vs. only one dose showed no significant effect on mortality; risk ratio (RR) = 1.05 (95% CI: 0.78 to 1.41), p = 0.76. The analysis was based on a relative risk reduction (RRR) of 25% and a control group event rate of 2.32% as measured in the actual trials included in the analysis. In males, the association was rejected: RR = 1.09 (0.86 to 1.37), p = 0.47. In females, the association was not rejected at 25%,but was at 33% level: RR = 1.0 (0.64 to 1.54), p = 0.99. Morbidity: Overall, the hypothesis was rejected: RR = 0.94 (0.80 to 1.10), p = 0.43. The rejection was sustained for both sexes: females RR = 0.95 (0.77 to 1.18), p = 0.6; males RR = 0.92 (0.83 to 1.03), p = 0.13.<h4>Interpretation</h4>Based on evidence from randomised controlled trials, this systematic literature review and meta-analysis did not support the hypothesis of non-specific effects of standard-titre measles containing vaccines. Trial Sequential Analysis indicated that the meta-analysis included sufficient data to reach this conclusion.<h4>Trial registration</h4>PROSPERO CRD42022344473. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6496987bc54145759c8cb4549bb4bfbe |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-6496987bc54145759c8cb4549bb4bfbe2025-08-20T02:36:20ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01207e032198210.1371/journal.pone.0321982Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Louise A FournaisAnne C ZimakoffAndreas JensenJeppe H SvanholmIngvild FosseLone G Stensballe<h4>Background</h4>This review evaluates the hypothesis of beneficial non-specific effects of the standard-titre measles vaccine.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Trials included standard or high-titre live attenuated measles containing vaccines compared to other vaccines or placebo. The primary outcomes were mortality and morbidity. Secondary outcomes were infections, antibiotic use, atopy, allergies, asthma, and atopic dermatitis.<h4>Findings</h4>23 articles were included in this systematic review. Mortality: Two doses of measles vaccine vs. only one dose showed no significant effect on mortality; risk ratio (RR) = 1.05 (95% CI: 0.78 to 1.41), p = 0.76. The analysis was based on a relative risk reduction (RRR) of 25% and a control group event rate of 2.32% as measured in the actual trials included in the analysis. In males, the association was rejected: RR = 1.09 (0.86 to 1.37), p = 0.47. In females, the association was not rejected at 25%,but was at 33% level: RR = 1.0 (0.64 to 1.54), p = 0.99. Morbidity: Overall, the hypothesis was rejected: RR = 0.94 (0.80 to 1.10), p = 0.43. The rejection was sustained for both sexes: females RR = 0.95 (0.77 to 1.18), p = 0.6; males RR = 0.92 (0.83 to 1.03), p = 0.13.<h4>Interpretation</h4>Based on evidence from randomised controlled trials, this systematic literature review and meta-analysis did not support the hypothesis of non-specific effects of standard-titre measles containing vaccines. Trial Sequential Analysis indicated that the meta-analysis included sufficient data to reach this conclusion.<h4>Trial registration</h4>PROSPERO CRD42022344473.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321982 |
| spellingShingle | Louise A Fournais Anne C Zimakoff Andreas Jensen Jeppe H Svanholm Ingvild Fosse Lone G Stensballe Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE |
| title | Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_full | Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_fullStr | Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_short | Measles vaccines and non-specific effects on mortality or morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. |
| title_sort | measles vaccines and non specific effects on mortality or morbidity a systematic review and meta analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321982 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT louiseafournais measlesvaccinesandnonspecificeffectsonmortalityormorbidityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT anneczimakoff measlesvaccinesandnonspecificeffectsonmortalityormorbidityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT andreasjensen measlesvaccinesandnonspecificeffectsonmortalityormorbidityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT jeppehsvanholm measlesvaccinesandnonspecificeffectsonmortalityormorbidityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT ingvildfosse measlesvaccinesandnonspecificeffectsonmortalityormorbidityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis AT lonegstensballe measlesvaccinesandnonspecificeffectsonmortalityormorbidityasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis |