System planning with demand assets in balancing markets
Balancing markets will become more and more relevant with the increased volatility in the electricity system due to the increase in the renewable quota. New policies are paving the way for customers flexibility participation as demand response in reserve products. This paper contributes with an asse...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061523008049 |
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| author | Teresa Freire-Barceló Francisco Martín-Martínez Álvaro Sánchez-Miralles |
| author_facet | Teresa Freire-Barceló Francisco Martín-Martínez Álvaro Sánchez-Miralles |
| author_sort | Teresa Freire-Barceló |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Balancing markets will become more and more relevant with the increased volatility in the electricity system due to the increase in the renewable quota. New policies are paving the way for customers flexibility participation as demand response in reserve products. This paper contributes with an assessment of the impact of demand response participation in the reserve market when planning the electricity system’s operation and investment in new technologies. The model used has been conveniently upgraded and a set of scenarios have been raised to conduct the analysis. The residential and services sectors' consumption for heating, cooling, hot water, and electric vehicles are considered as sources of flexibility. Each one has their own modeling to represent their nature. Main findings show that demand response receives and offers more benefits for the system on the wholesale market than in balancing services, although their participation in them is quite relevant. This is due to the decrease in firm capacity investment needs thanks to reducing systems’ peak technologies and the decrease of spillages from renewables. Additionally, increasing demand response percentages in the systems lead to cost reduction. However, there is a limitation associated with an increase of CO2 emissions due to the usage of existing polluting technologies to avoid investments in storages. Finally, flexibility providers are compared to determine their flexible capabilities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6481a337fdf94af5b09e59eb0529940c |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0142-0615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems |
| spelling | doaj-art-6481a337fdf94af5b09e59eb0529940c2025-08-20T02:33:35ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems0142-06152024-02-0115610974710.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109747System planning with demand assets in balancing marketsTeresa Freire-Barceló0Francisco Martín-Martínez1Álvaro Sánchez-Miralles2Corresponding author.; Institute for Research in Technology (IIT) ICAI School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Comillas Santa Cruz de Marcenado 26, 28015, Madrid, SpainInstitute for Research in Technology (IIT) ICAI School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Comillas Santa Cruz de Marcenado 26, 28015, Madrid, SpainInstitute for Research in Technology (IIT) ICAI School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Comillas Santa Cruz de Marcenado 26, 28015, Madrid, SpainBalancing markets will become more and more relevant with the increased volatility in the electricity system due to the increase in the renewable quota. New policies are paving the way for customers flexibility participation as demand response in reserve products. This paper contributes with an assessment of the impact of demand response participation in the reserve market when planning the electricity system’s operation and investment in new technologies. The model used has been conveniently upgraded and a set of scenarios have been raised to conduct the analysis. The residential and services sectors' consumption for heating, cooling, hot water, and electric vehicles are considered as sources of flexibility. Each one has their own modeling to represent their nature. Main findings show that demand response receives and offers more benefits for the system on the wholesale market than in balancing services, although their participation in them is quite relevant. This is due to the decrease in firm capacity investment needs thanks to reducing systems’ peak technologies and the decrease of spillages from renewables. Additionally, increasing demand response percentages in the systems lead to cost reduction. However, there is a limitation associated with an increase of CO2 emissions due to the usage of existing polluting technologies to avoid investments in storages. Finally, flexibility providers are compared to determine their flexible capabilities.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061523008049Demand responseReservesFRROptimizationFlexibility |
| spellingShingle | Teresa Freire-Barceló Francisco Martín-Martínez Álvaro Sánchez-Miralles System planning with demand assets in balancing markets International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems Demand response Reserves FRR Optimization Flexibility |
| title | System planning with demand assets in balancing markets |
| title_full | System planning with demand assets in balancing markets |
| title_fullStr | System planning with demand assets in balancing markets |
| title_full_unstemmed | System planning with demand assets in balancing markets |
| title_short | System planning with demand assets in balancing markets |
| title_sort | system planning with demand assets in balancing markets |
| topic | Demand response Reserves FRR Optimization Flexibility |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061523008049 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT teresafreirebarcelo systemplanningwithdemandassetsinbalancingmarkets AT franciscomartinmartinez systemplanningwithdemandassetsinbalancingmarkets AT alvarosanchezmiralles systemplanningwithdemandassetsinbalancingmarkets |