Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants

Objectives: Relationship between biological aging and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the associations of biological age and genetic predisposition with IBD and the predictive ability. Methods: Biological age and genetic predisposition were measured by PhenoAge...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Baolong Cao, Xiaoke Zhao, Zhixi Lu, Hongmei Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1279770725000284
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850208552516321280
author Baolong Cao
Xiaoke Zhao
Zhixi Lu
Hongmei Zhang
author_facet Baolong Cao
Xiaoke Zhao
Zhixi Lu
Hongmei Zhang
author_sort Baolong Cao
collection DOAJ
description Objectives: Relationship between biological aging and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the associations of biological age and genetic predisposition with IBD and the predictive ability. Methods: Biological age and genetic predisposition were measured by PhenoAge and the polygenic risk score (PRS), respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of PhenoAge and combined PRS for Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models. Additive interactions were examined to evaluate the joint effect. C statistic was employed to assess the predictive ability. Results: During the follow-up period of 5,320,311 person-years of 401,013 participants, 2467 patients with UC and 1262 patients with CD were observed. PhenoAge showed a significant association with an increased risk of incident IBD. Each standard deviation of PhenoAge acceleration correlated with a 38% (95% CI: 34%–41%), 35% (95% CI: 30%–38%), and 46% (95% CI: 41%–51%) increased risk of IBD, UC, and CD, respectively. Joint effects and additive interactions were noted between PhenoAge and the PRS. Individuals with a high PRS and the highest PhenoAge acceleration had the highest risk for UC (HR: 9.16, 95% CI: 7.08–11.85) and CD (7.72, 6.05–9.86), respectively. Incorporating PhenoAge and the PRS could enhance the accuracy of predicting IBD, with a highest C statistic of 0.71 for UC and 0.72 for CD. Conclusion: Accelerated biological aging is associated with an increased risk of IBD, particularly in individuals with high genetic predisposition. Identifying individuals with accelerated biological aging has significant implications for reducing IBD risk.
format Article
id doaj-art-64367275672b40ca86ffd99e2f68a6a1
institution OA Journals
issn 1760-4788
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging
spelling doaj-art-64367275672b40ca86ffd99e2f68a6a12025-08-20T02:10:13ZengElsevierThe Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging1760-47882025-04-0129410050510.1016/j.jnha.2025.100505Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participantsBaolong Cao0Xiaoke Zhao1Zhixi Lu2Hongmei Zhang3Department of Rehabilitation, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, ChinaKey Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, ChinaDepartment of Rehabilitation, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Guangzhou Road #72, Nanjing 210008, China; Corresponding author.Objectives: Relationship between biological aging and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the associations of biological age and genetic predisposition with IBD and the predictive ability. Methods: Biological age and genetic predisposition were measured by PhenoAge and the polygenic risk score (PRS), respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of PhenoAge and combined PRS for Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models. Additive interactions were examined to evaluate the joint effect. C statistic was employed to assess the predictive ability. Results: During the follow-up period of 5,320,311 person-years of 401,013 participants, 2467 patients with UC and 1262 patients with CD were observed. PhenoAge showed a significant association with an increased risk of incident IBD. Each standard deviation of PhenoAge acceleration correlated with a 38% (95% CI: 34%–41%), 35% (95% CI: 30%–38%), and 46% (95% CI: 41%–51%) increased risk of IBD, UC, and CD, respectively. Joint effects and additive interactions were noted between PhenoAge and the PRS. Individuals with a high PRS and the highest PhenoAge acceleration had the highest risk for UC (HR: 9.16, 95% CI: 7.08–11.85) and CD (7.72, 6.05–9.86), respectively. Incorporating PhenoAge and the PRS could enhance the accuracy of predicting IBD, with a highest C statistic of 0.71 for UC and 0.72 for CD. Conclusion: Accelerated biological aging is associated with an increased risk of IBD, particularly in individuals with high genetic predisposition. Identifying individuals with accelerated biological aging has significant implications for reducing IBD risk.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1279770725000284Biological agingInflammatory bowel diseaseGenetic predispositionProspective studyUK Biobank
spellingShingle Baolong Cao
Xiaoke Zhao
Zhixi Lu
Hongmei Zhang
Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants
The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Aging
Biological aging
Inflammatory bowel disease
Genetic predisposition
Prospective study
UK Biobank
title Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants
title_full Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants
title_fullStr Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants
title_full_unstemmed Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants
title_short Accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study from 401,013 participants
title_sort accelerated biological aging and risk of inflammatory bowel disease a prospective study from 401 013 participants
topic Biological aging
Inflammatory bowel disease
Genetic predisposition
Prospective study
UK Biobank
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1279770725000284
work_keys_str_mv AT baolongcao acceleratedbiologicalagingandriskofinflammatoryboweldiseaseaprospectivestudyfrom401013participants
AT xiaokezhao acceleratedbiologicalagingandriskofinflammatoryboweldiseaseaprospectivestudyfrom401013participants
AT zhixilu acceleratedbiologicalagingandriskofinflammatoryboweldiseaseaprospectivestudyfrom401013participants
AT hongmeizhang acceleratedbiologicalagingandriskofinflammatoryboweldiseaseaprospectivestudyfrom401013participants