Current situation and influencing factors of Chinese children’s diagnosis delay in autism

Abstract Background Although experienced clinicians are capable of diagnosing autism in children before they reach the age of 2, the average age of diagnosis reported internationally is between 4 and 5 years, indicating a significant delay. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the d...

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Main Authors: Feng-Lei Zhu, Yue Ji, Lu Wang, Min Xu, Xiao-Bing Zou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09636-2
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Summary:Abstract Background Although experienced clinicians are capable of diagnosing autism in children before they reach the age of 2, the average age of diagnosis reported internationally is between 4 and 5 years, indicating a significant delay. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the diagnostic delay time (DDT) in Chinese autistic children. Methods We employed the Cox proportional hazard model to examine the effects of individual, family, sociodemographic, and healthcare system indicators on DDT in 480 Chinese autistic children (age range: 16.10–190.16 months; male-to-female ratio: 5.67:1) recruited from a tertiary hospital between 2021 and 2023. Results The median DDT was 9.58 months (IQR = 15.01). Independent risk factors for delayed diagnosis included normal language competence (RR = 1.747, p < 0.001), non-core symptoms as first concerns (RR = 1.642, p = 0.013), school attendance (RR = 1.941, p < 0.001), irregular well-child visits (RR = 1.264, p = 0.028), and misdiagnosis history (RR = 0.648, p = 0.001). Conclusions Diagnosis delay in Chinese autistic children is heterogeneous. Early monitoring for children with normal language skills and school-aged children, alongside improved healthcare system practices, is critical.
ISSN:1866-1955