An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves
Starting from the basic form of GN-authenticated key agreement (GN-AK), the current research proposes an improved protocol by integrating a new scalar multiplication technique based on a dual-base chain representation with bases <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| author | Nicolae Constantinescu Ioan Daniel Hunyadi Oana-Adriana Ticleanu |
| author_facet | Nicolae Constantinescu Ioan Daniel Hunyadi Oana-Adriana Ticleanu |
| author_sort | Nicolae Constantinescu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Starting from the basic form of GN-authenticated key agreement (GN-AK), the current research proposes an improved protocol by integrating a new scalar multiplication technique based on a dual-base chain representation with bases <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and 3. This representation allows the use of pointwise halving operations, significantly reducing the complexity of elliptic curve calculations. The resulting protocol maintains cryptographic security based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) while providing improved performance for key establishment in constrained environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-63d3d704c1ce4c62acd686e12aee84c7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-63d3d704c1ce4c62acd686e12aee84c72025-08-20T03:28:33ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-07-011513749210.3390/app15137492An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic CurvesNicolae Constantinescu0Ioan Daniel Hunyadi1Oana-Adriana Ticleanu2Mathematics and Informatics Department, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Dr. I. Ratiu Str., No. 5-7, 550012 Sibiu, RomaniaMathematics and Informatics Department, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Dr. I. Ratiu Str., No. 5-7, 550012 Sibiu, RomaniaMathematics and Informatics Department, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Dr. I. Ratiu Str., No. 5-7, 550012 Sibiu, RomaniaStarting from the basic form of GN-authenticated key agreement (GN-AK), the current research proposes an improved protocol by integrating a new scalar multiplication technique based on a dual-base chain representation with bases <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and 3. This representation allows the use of pointwise halving operations, significantly reducing the complexity of elliptic curve calculations. The resulting protocol maintains cryptographic security based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) while providing improved performance for key establishment in constrained environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7492elliptic curve cryptographyscalar multiplicationpoint halvingdouble-base chainkey agreementauthentication |
| spellingShingle | Nicolae Constantinescu Ioan Daniel Hunyadi Oana-Adriana Ticleanu An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves Applied Sciences elliptic curve cryptography scalar multiplication point halving double-base chain key agreement authentication |
| title | An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves |
| title_full | An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves |
| title_fullStr | An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves |
| title_short | An Improved GN-AK Protocol Using Double-Base Scalar Multiplication and Point Halving over Elliptic Curves |
| title_sort | improved gn ak protocol using double base scalar multiplication and point halving over elliptic curves |
| topic | elliptic curve cryptography scalar multiplication point halving double-base chain key agreement authentication |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7492 |
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