The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review
The external ear canal, characterized by species-specific structural and physiological differences, maintains a hostile environment that prevents microbial overgrowth and foreign body entry, supported by factors such as temperature, pH, humidity, and cerumen with antimicrobial properties. This revie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1413684/full |
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| author | Cyrelle Houtsaeger Cyrelle Houtsaeger Frank Pasmans Ingmar Claes Ingmar Claes Sophie Vandenabeele Freddy Haesebrouck Sarah Lebeer Filip Boyen |
| author_facet | Cyrelle Houtsaeger Cyrelle Houtsaeger Frank Pasmans Ingmar Claes Ingmar Claes Sophie Vandenabeele Freddy Haesebrouck Sarah Lebeer Filip Boyen |
| author_sort | Cyrelle Houtsaeger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The external ear canal, characterized by species-specific structural and physiological differences, maintains a hostile environment that prevents microbial overgrowth and foreign body entry, supported by factors such as temperature, pH, humidity, and cerumen with antimicrobial properties. This review combines several studies on the healthy ear canal’s structure and physiology with a critical approach to the potential existence of an ear microbiome. We use a comparative multi-species approach to explore how allergic conditions alter the ear canal microenvironment and cerumen in different mammalian species, promoting pathogen colonization. We propose a pathogenetic model in which allergic conditions disrupt the antimicrobial environment of the EEC, creating circumstances favorable for facultative pathogenic micro-organisms like Staphylococcus and Malassezia species, leading to otitis externa (OE). A better understanding of the underpinning mechanisms may lead to innovative approaches to disease mitigation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-63c0fd4a1df646a8a64f1b99a5b54c5f |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-63c0fd4a1df646a8a64f1b99a5b54c5f2025-08-20T02:49:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692024-12-011110.3389/fvets.2024.14136841413684The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative reviewCyrelle Houtsaeger0Cyrelle Houtsaeger1Frank Pasmans2Ingmar Claes3Ingmar Claes4Sophie Vandenabeele5Freddy Haesebrouck6Sarah Lebeer7Filip Boyen8Department of Pathobiology Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, BelgiumYUN NV, Niel, BelgiumDepartment of Pathobiology Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, BelgiumYUN NV, Niel, BelgiumDepartment of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, BelgiumDepartment of Pathobiology Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, BelgiumDepartment of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Pathobiology Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, BelgiumThe external ear canal, characterized by species-specific structural and physiological differences, maintains a hostile environment that prevents microbial overgrowth and foreign body entry, supported by factors such as temperature, pH, humidity, and cerumen with antimicrobial properties. This review combines several studies on the healthy ear canal’s structure and physiology with a critical approach to the potential existence of an ear microbiome. We use a comparative multi-species approach to explore how allergic conditions alter the ear canal microenvironment and cerumen in different mammalian species, promoting pathogen colonization. We propose a pathogenetic model in which allergic conditions disrupt the antimicrobial environment of the EEC, creating circumstances favorable for facultative pathogenic micro-organisms like Staphylococcus and Malassezia species, leading to otitis externa (OE). A better understanding of the underpinning mechanisms may lead to innovative approaches to disease mitigation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1413684/fullallergic dermatitismicrobiomeotitis externaear microbiomeatopic dermatitisexternal ear canal |
| spellingShingle | Cyrelle Houtsaeger Cyrelle Houtsaeger Frank Pasmans Ingmar Claes Ingmar Claes Sophie Vandenabeele Freddy Haesebrouck Sarah Lebeer Filip Boyen The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review Frontiers in Veterinary Science allergic dermatitis microbiome otitis externa ear microbiome atopic dermatitis external ear canal |
| title | The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review |
| title_full | The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review |
| title_fullStr | The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review |
| title_short | The role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis-related otitis externa: a multi-species comparative review |
| title_sort | role of the microbiome in allergic dermatitis related otitis externa a multi species comparative review |
| topic | allergic dermatitis microbiome otitis externa ear microbiome atopic dermatitis external ear canal |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1413684/full |
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