Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates
The present study investigates a two-stage process aimed at producing biogas from food waste leachates (FWL) through an experimental approach. The first stage involves biohydrogen production via dark fermentation (DF), while the second focuses on biomethane production through anaerobic digestion (AD...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Methane |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-0389/4/2/11 |
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| author | Ioannis Kontodimos Christos Evaggelou Nikolaos Margaritis Panagiotis Grammelis Maria Goula |
| author_facet | Ioannis Kontodimos Christos Evaggelou Nikolaos Margaritis Panagiotis Grammelis Maria Goula |
| author_sort | Ioannis Kontodimos |
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| description | The present study investigates a two-stage process aimed at producing biogas from food waste leachates (FWL) through an experimental approach. The first stage involves biohydrogen production via dark fermentation (DF), while the second focuses on biomethane production through anaerobic digestion (AD). The substrate consists of leachates derived from fruit and vegetable waste, which are introduced into two continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR1) with two different inoculum-to-substrate ratios (ISR). Dark fermentation occurs in these reactors. The effluent from the CSTRs is then fed into two additional reactors for methanogenesis. All reactors operated under mesophilic conditions. During the DF stage, hydrogen yields were relatively low, with a maximum of 8.2 NmL H<sub>2</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.3) and 6.1 NmL H<sub>2</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.5). These results were attributed to limited biodegradation of volatile solids (VS), which reached only 21.9% and 23.6% in each respective assay. Similarly, the removal of organic matter was modest. In contrast, the AD stage demonstrated more robust methane production, achieving yields of 275.2 NmL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.3) and 277.5 NmL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.5). The system exhibited significant organic matter degradation, with VS biodegradability reaching 66%, and COD removal efficiencies of 50.8% (ISR = 0.3) and 60.1% (ISR = 0.5). The primary focus of the study was to monitor and quantify the production of the two biofuels, biohydrogen and biomethane. In conclusion, this study provides an assessment of the two biochemical conversion pathways, detailing the generation of two valuable and utilizable gaseous products. This research examines the process-specific operational conditions governing gas production, with a focus on optimizing process parameters to enhance yield and overall efficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-63b343c41c2347b783e23ac4a45d6feb |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2674-0389 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Methane |
| spelling | doaj-art-63b343c41c2347b783e23ac4a45d6feb2025-08-20T02:21:10ZengMDPI AGMethane2674-03892025-05-01421110.3390/methane4020011Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste LeachatesIoannis Kontodimos0Christos Evaggelou1Nikolaos Margaritis2Panagiotis Grammelis3Maria Goula4Center for Research and Technology Hellas, Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CERTH/CPERI), 4 km N.R Ptolemaidas-Mpodosakeiou Hospital Area, 50200 Ptolemaida, GreeceCenter for Research and Technology Hellas, Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CERTH/CPERI), 4 km N.R Ptolemaidas-Mpodosakeiou Hospital Area, 50200 Ptolemaida, GreeceCenter for Research and Technology Hellas, Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CERTH/CPERI), 4 km N.R Ptolemaidas-Mpodosakeiou Hospital Area, 50200 Ptolemaida, GreeceCenter for Research and Technology Hellas, Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute (CERTH/CPERI), 4 km N.R Ptolemaidas-Mpodosakeiou Hospital Area, 50200 Ptolemaida, GreeceLaboratory of Alternative Fuels and Environmental Catalysis (LAFEC), Department of Chemical Engineering of the University of Western Macedonia (UOWM), 50100 Kozani, GreeceThe present study investigates a two-stage process aimed at producing biogas from food waste leachates (FWL) through an experimental approach. The first stage involves biohydrogen production via dark fermentation (DF), while the second focuses on biomethane production through anaerobic digestion (AD). The substrate consists of leachates derived from fruit and vegetable waste, which are introduced into two continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR1) with two different inoculum-to-substrate ratios (ISR). Dark fermentation occurs in these reactors. The effluent from the CSTRs is then fed into two additional reactors for methanogenesis. All reactors operated under mesophilic conditions. During the DF stage, hydrogen yields were relatively low, with a maximum of 8.2 NmL H<sub>2</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.3) and 6.1 NmL H<sub>2</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.5). These results were attributed to limited biodegradation of volatile solids (VS), which reached only 21.9% and 23.6% in each respective assay. Similarly, the removal of organic matter was modest. In contrast, the AD stage demonstrated more robust methane production, achieving yields of 275.2 NmL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.3) and 277.5 NmL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS added (ISR = 0.5). The system exhibited significant organic matter degradation, with VS biodegradability reaching 66%, and COD removal efficiencies of 50.8% (ISR = 0.3) and 60.1% (ISR = 0.5). The primary focus of the study was to monitor and quantify the production of the two biofuels, biohydrogen and biomethane. In conclusion, this study provides an assessment of the two biochemical conversion pathways, detailing the generation of two valuable and utilizable gaseous products. This research examines the process-specific operational conditions governing gas production, with a focus on optimizing process parameters to enhance yield and overall efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2674-0389/4/2/11food wastedark fermentationbiohydrogenanaerobic digestionbiomethane |
| spellingShingle | Ioannis Kontodimos Christos Evaggelou Nikolaos Margaritis Panagiotis Grammelis Maria Goula Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates Methane food waste dark fermentation biohydrogen anaerobic digestion biomethane |
| title | Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates |
| title_full | Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates |
| title_fullStr | Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates |
| title_short | Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion for H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> Production, from Food Waste Leachates |
| title_sort | dark fermentation and anaerobic digestion for h sub 2 sub and ch sub 4 sub production from food waste leachates |
| topic | food waste dark fermentation biohydrogen anaerobic digestion biomethane |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-0389/4/2/11 |
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