Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico
Weathering is one of the most important phenomena that affect the balance dynamics of the Earth's crust. The chemical composition of soil samples and hardened horizons from seven profiles (P1 to P7) of the State of Mexico was compared to detect the degree of alteration by means of weathering i...
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Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas |
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| Online Access: | https://rmcg.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/1644 |
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| author | Otilio A. Acevedo-Sandoval Francisco Prieto-García Judith Prieto-Méndez Yolanda Marmolejo-Santillán Claudia Romo-Gómez |
| author_facet | Otilio A. Acevedo-Sandoval Francisco Prieto-García Judith Prieto-Méndez Yolanda Marmolejo-Santillán Claudia Romo-Gómez |
| author_sort | Otilio A. Acevedo-Sandoval |
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Weathering is one of the most important phenomena that affect the balance dynamics of the Earth's crust. The chemical composition of soil samples and hardened horizons from seven profiles (P1 to P7) of the State of Mexico was compared to detect the degree of alteration by means of weathering indices. In hardened horizons, the dominant elements are SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O and TiO2, corresponding to 86.8 % of the total oxides. The weathering indices based on the mobility and immobilization of alkaline and alkaline earth elements reveal that the B horizons and the hardened horizons of profiles P4, P5, P6 and P7 are generally more altered than the surface horizons, therefore they have a greater pedogenic development. Profiles P1, P2 and P3 show incipient weathering. The geochemical indices and chemical relationships used in this study to evaluate weathering and associated basic alteration processes showed consistent results. These coincide in indicating incipient to moderate weathering acting in the seven profiles, with variable intensity in all the hardened horizons. The intensity variation defines a sequence of chemical weathering for the hardened horizons: P6> P4> P5> P7> P2> P3> P1, where P6 has the highest degree of weathering in the indices: CIA, CPA, CIA-K, CIW, PIA,IPark, V.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-63aa856127ac4d9eb3a2ceb5b0e36d7f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1026-8774 2007-2902 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas |
| spelling | doaj-art-63aa856127ac4d9eb3a2ceb5b0e36d7f2025-08-20T03:44:52ZengUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoRevista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas1026-87742007-29022022-07-0139210.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2022.2.1644Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of MexicoOtilio A. Acevedo-Sandoval0Francisco Prieto-García1Judith Prieto-Méndez2Yolanda Marmolejo-Santillán3Claudia Romo-Gómez4Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42076, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42076, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Rancho Universitario, Av. Universidad km. 1, Ex-Hacienda de Aquetzalpa A.P. 32, C.P. 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico.Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42076, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico.Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Ciudad del Conocimiento, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km. 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42076, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. Weathering is one of the most important phenomena that affect the balance dynamics of the Earth's crust. The chemical composition of soil samples and hardened horizons from seven profiles (P1 to P7) of the State of Mexico was compared to detect the degree of alteration by means of weathering indices. In hardened horizons, the dominant elements are SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O and TiO2, corresponding to 86.8 % of the total oxides. The weathering indices based on the mobility and immobilization of alkaline and alkaline earth elements reveal that the B horizons and the hardened horizons of profiles P4, P5, P6 and P7 are generally more altered than the surface horizons, therefore they have a greater pedogenic development. Profiles P1, P2 and P3 show incipient weathering. The geochemical indices and chemical relationships used in this study to evaluate weathering and associated basic alteration processes showed consistent results. These coincide in indicating incipient to moderate weathering acting in the seven profiles, with variable intensity in all the hardened horizons. The intensity variation defines a sequence of chemical weathering for the hardened horizons: P6> P4> P5> P7> P2> P3> P1, where P6 has the highest degree of weathering in the indices: CIA, CPA, CIA-K, CIW, PIA,IPark, V. https://rmcg.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/1644Volcanic tuffchemical weatheringpyroclaststotal oxidestepetateMexico |
| spellingShingle | Otilio A. Acevedo-Sandoval Francisco Prieto-García Judith Prieto-Méndez Yolanda Marmolejo-Santillán Claudia Romo-Gómez Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas Volcanic tuff chemical weathering pyroclasts total oxides tepetate Mexico |
| title | Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico |
| title_full | Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico |
| title_fullStr | Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico |
| title_short | Chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons (tepetates) of the State of Mexico |
| title_sort | chemical weathering in hardened volcanic horizons tepetates of the state of mexico |
| topic | Volcanic tuff chemical weathering pyroclasts total oxides tepetate Mexico |
| url | https://rmcg.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/1644 |
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