Are metabolic abnormalities the missing link between complete blood count-derived inflammatory markers and diabetic foot? Evidence from a large population study.

<h4>Background</h4>Diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes, and inflammation plays a key role in its pathogenesis. This population-based study investigates associations between complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory markers and diabetic foot, while evaluating metabol...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yang Zhang, Shumin Zhou, Xianbin Wang, Haiyan Zhou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326082
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:<h4>Background</h4>Diabetic foot is a serious complication of diabetes, and inflammation plays a key role in its pathogenesis. This population-based study investigates associations between complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory markers and diabetic foot, while evaluating metabolic mediators in these relationships.<h4>Methods</h4>Data from 1,246 participants across three National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (1999-2004) were analyzed. Calculated inflammatory markers included monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (NMLR), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI). Weighted logistic regression models assessed marker-diabetic foot associations, supplemented by subgroup and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses for nonlinearity. Mediation analysis quantified metabolic contributions.<h4>Results</h4>CBC-derived inflammatory markers demonstrated significant positive correlations with diabetic foot risk. Risk increased as quartiles for these markers increased. RCS analysis further revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between them. Serum creatinine (12.46%) and albumin (11.33%) mediated significant proportions of these associations.<h4>Conclusions</h4>CBC-derived inflammatory markers serve as accessible predictors of diabetic foot risk, with nonlinear patterns. The partial mediation by metabolic indicators highlights dual inflammatory-metabolic pathways in diabetic foot pathogenesis. Routine CBC-derived inflammatory markers monitoring could enable early risk stratification, while targeting metabolic abnormalities may amplify preventive strategies.
ISSN:1932-6203