Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth.
<h4>Background</h4>Early childhood stunting affects around 150 million young children worldwide and leads to suboptimal human potential in later life. However, there is limited data on the effects of early childhood stunting and catch-up growth on brain morphometry.<h4>Methods</...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306500 |
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| author | Beena Koshy Vedha Viyas Thilagarajan Samuel Berkins Arpan Banerjee Manikandan Srinivasan Roshan S Livingstone Venkata Raghava Mohan Rebecca Scharf Anitha Jasper Gagandeep Kang |
| author_facet | Beena Koshy Vedha Viyas Thilagarajan Samuel Berkins Arpan Banerjee Manikandan Srinivasan Roshan S Livingstone Venkata Raghava Mohan Rebecca Scharf Anitha Jasper Gagandeep Kang |
| author_sort | Beena Koshy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Early childhood stunting affects around 150 million young children worldwide and leads to suboptimal human potential in later life. However, there is limited data on the effects of early childhood stunting and catch-up growth on brain morphometry.<h4>Methods</h4>We evaluated childhood brain volumes at nine years of age in a community-based birth-cohort follow-up study in Vellore, south India among four groups based on anthropometric assessments at two, five, and nine years namely 'Never Stunted' (NS), 'Stunted at two years and caught up by five years' (S2N5), 'Stunted at two and five years and caught up by nine years' (S2N9), and 'Always Stunted' (AS). T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner, and brain volumes were quantified using FreeSurfer software. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences in brain volumetry between the stunting groups, with age and sex as covariates. The effect size ANOVA models was evaluated using Eta squared.<h4>Findings</h4>Amongst 251 children from the initial cohort, 178 children with a mean age of 9.54 underwent neuroimaging and considered for further analysis. The total brain volume, subcortical volume, bilateral cerebellar white matter, and posterior corpus callosum showed a declining trend from NS to AS. Regional cortical brain analysis showed significant lower bilateral lateral occipital volumes, right pallidum, bilateral caudate, and right thalamus volumes between NS and AS.<h4>Interpretation</h4>To the best of our knowledge, this first neuroimaging analysis to investigate the effects of persistent childhood stunting and catch-up growth on brain volumetry indicates impairment at different brain levels involving total brain and subcortical volumes, networking/connecting centres (thalamus, basal ganglia, callosum, cerebellum) and visual processing area of lateral occipital cortex. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62f0697fbd2e41cdae625c11d577b831 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
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| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-62f0697fbd2e41cdae625c11d577b8312025-08-20T02:56:06ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01202e030650010.1371/journal.pone.0306500Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth.Beena KoshyVedha Viyas ThilagarajanSamuel BerkinsArpan BanerjeeManikandan SrinivasanRoshan S LivingstoneVenkata Raghava MohanRebecca ScharfAnitha JasperGagandeep Kang<h4>Background</h4>Early childhood stunting affects around 150 million young children worldwide and leads to suboptimal human potential in later life. However, there is limited data on the effects of early childhood stunting and catch-up growth on brain morphometry.<h4>Methods</h4>We evaluated childhood brain volumes at nine years of age in a community-based birth-cohort follow-up study in Vellore, south India among four groups based on anthropometric assessments at two, five, and nine years namely 'Never Stunted' (NS), 'Stunted at two years and caught up by five years' (S2N5), 'Stunted at two and five years and caught up by nine years' (S2N9), and 'Always Stunted' (AS). T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner, and brain volumes were quantified using FreeSurfer software. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the differences in brain volumetry between the stunting groups, with age and sex as covariates. The effect size ANOVA models was evaluated using Eta squared.<h4>Findings</h4>Amongst 251 children from the initial cohort, 178 children with a mean age of 9.54 underwent neuroimaging and considered for further analysis. The total brain volume, subcortical volume, bilateral cerebellar white matter, and posterior corpus callosum showed a declining trend from NS to AS. Regional cortical brain analysis showed significant lower bilateral lateral occipital volumes, right pallidum, bilateral caudate, and right thalamus volumes between NS and AS.<h4>Interpretation</h4>To the best of our knowledge, this first neuroimaging analysis to investigate the effects of persistent childhood stunting and catch-up growth on brain volumetry indicates impairment at different brain levels involving total brain and subcortical volumes, networking/connecting centres (thalamus, basal ganglia, callosum, cerebellum) and visual processing area of lateral occipital cortex.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306500 |
| spellingShingle | Beena Koshy Vedha Viyas Thilagarajan Samuel Berkins Arpan Banerjee Manikandan Srinivasan Roshan S Livingstone Venkata Raghava Mohan Rebecca Scharf Anitha Jasper Gagandeep Kang Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth. PLoS ONE |
| title | Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth. |
| title_full | Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth. |
| title_fullStr | Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth. |
| title_short | Childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch-up growth. |
| title_sort | childhood brain morphometry in children with persistent stunting and catch up growth |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306500 |
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