Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model
Abstract Background This study evaluated in vitro antigiardial activity in four Indonesian plants (Archidendron fagifolium, Diospyros sumatrana, Piper betle and Shorea sumatrana) extracted in methanol, methanol-tetrahydrofuran, and water. These plants exhibiting promising anti-parasitic activity wer...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-025-04755-8 |
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| author | Radka Pecková Karel Doležal Bohumil Sak Dana Květoňová Martin Kváč Ivan Petřík Wisnu Nurcahyo Ivona Foitová |
| author_facet | Radka Pecková Karel Doležal Bohumil Sak Dana Květoňová Martin Kváč Ivan Petřík Wisnu Nurcahyo Ivona Foitová |
| author_sort | Radka Pecková |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background This study evaluated in vitro antigiardial activity in four Indonesian plants (Archidendron fagifolium, Diospyros sumatrana, Piper betle and Shorea sumatrana) extracted in methanol, methanol-tetrahydrofuran, and water. These plants exhibiting promising anti-parasitic activity were selected on the basis of collected behavioral data and their ability to decrease parasite load in Sumatran orangutans. Extracts of Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant routinely used as a laboratory model in research, were used as a negative control. Methods Plant extracts of different concentrations (400, 100, 25 and 6.25 µg/ml) and metronidazole (100 µg/ml), a standard giardicidal drug, were incubated with 25,000 trophozoites per milliliter of growth medium in 12-well tissue culture plates under anaerobic conditions for 72 h. Cultures were counted in a hemocytometer using a light microscope and then statistically evaluated. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was determined by the MTT Cell Viability Assay. Results We recorded a statistically-significant decrease in giardia trophozoites in two extracts: the methanolic extract of A. fagifolium (Kruskal-Wallis: p = 0.013) and the aqueous extract of P. betle (Kruskal-Wallis: p = 0.002). Effective concentrations of 400 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml, respectively, were revealed. Cytotoxicity was not demonstrated. Conclusions The results of our study show that extracts of A. fagifolium and P. betle have potential as an alternative treatment of G. intestinalis infection. This is the first scientific proof of the biological activity of A. fagifolium, confirming the assumption that orangutans use this plant (as well as P. betle) for self-medication. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62dd167a298f4b6c98c0c248aa13fd8b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2662-7671 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies |
| spelling | doaj-art-62dd167a298f4b6c98c0c248aa13fd8b2025-01-26T12:15:13ZengBMCBMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies2662-76712025-01-012511810.1186/s12906-025-04755-8Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro modelRadka Pecková0Karel Doležal1Bohumil Sak2Dana Květoňová3Martin Kváč4Ivan Petřík5Wisnu Nurcahyo6Ivona Foitová7Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk UniversityDepartment of Chemical Biology and Genetics & Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesLaboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of SciencesDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada UniversityDepartment of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk UniversityAbstract Background This study evaluated in vitro antigiardial activity in four Indonesian plants (Archidendron fagifolium, Diospyros sumatrana, Piper betle and Shorea sumatrana) extracted in methanol, methanol-tetrahydrofuran, and water. These plants exhibiting promising anti-parasitic activity were selected on the basis of collected behavioral data and their ability to decrease parasite load in Sumatran orangutans. Extracts of Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant routinely used as a laboratory model in research, were used as a negative control. Methods Plant extracts of different concentrations (400, 100, 25 and 6.25 µg/ml) and metronidazole (100 µg/ml), a standard giardicidal drug, were incubated with 25,000 trophozoites per milliliter of growth medium in 12-well tissue culture plates under anaerobic conditions for 72 h. Cultures were counted in a hemocytometer using a light microscope and then statistically evaluated. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was determined by the MTT Cell Viability Assay. Results We recorded a statistically-significant decrease in giardia trophozoites in two extracts: the methanolic extract of A. fagifolium (Kruskal-Wallis: p = 0.013) and the aqueous extract of P. betle (Kruskal-Wallis: p = 0.002). Effective concentrations of 400 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml, respectively, were revealed. Cytotoxicity was not demonstrated. Conclusions The results of our study show that extracts of A. fagifolium and P. betle have potential as an alternative treatment of G. intestinalis infection. This is the first scientific proof of the biological activity of A. fagifolium, confirming the assumption that orangutans use this plant (as well as P. betle) for self-medication.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-025-04755-8Antigiardial activityDrug of choiceGiardia intestinalisNatural antiparasiticParasite |
| spellingShingle | Radka Pecková Karel Doležal Bohumil Sak Dana Květoňová Martin Kváč Ivan Petřík Wisnu Nurcahyo Ivona Foitová Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Antigiardial activity Drug of choice Giardia intestinalis Natural antiparasitic Parasite |
| title | Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model |
| title_full | Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model |
| title_fullStr | Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model |
| title_short | Effect of selected Indonesian plants on Giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model |
| title_sort | effect of selected indonesian plants on giardia intestinalis in an experimental in vitro model |
| topic | Antigiardial activity Drug of choice Giardia intestinalis Natural antiparasitic Parasite |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-025-04755-8 |
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